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Adolescent thoracic scoliosis due to giant ganglioneuroma: a two-case report and literature review.
Nagoya J Med Sci
November 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
Ganglioneuromas are rare benign tumors that arise from the sympathetic nervous system. The presentation of tumors is variable and associated with adolescent thoracic scoliosis. Herein, we present two case reports and a review of literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Efficiency analysis of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after brain injury: a multicenter retrospective cohort study].
Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue
December 2024
The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China.
Objective: To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on paroxysmal sympathetic hyperexcitation (PSH) after brain injury.
Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted. Fifty-six patients with PSH who received HBO treatment from four hospitals in Henan Province from January 2021 to September 2023 were selected as the HBO group, and 36 patients with PSH who did not receive HBO treatment from Zhengzhou People's Hospital from May 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the control group.
[Cardiac β-adrenergic receptor regulation of mitochondrial function in heart failure].
Sheng Li Xue Bao
December 2024
Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University; Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University; NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China.
Heart failure is characterized by abnormal β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) activation and mitochondrial dysfunction. In heart failure, overactivation of β-AR mediates key pathological processes in cardiomyocytes, including oxidative stress, calcium overload and metabolic abnormalities, which subsequently lead to inflammation, myocardial apoptosis and necrosis. Mitochondria are the core organelles for energy metabolism, and also play a vital role in calcium homeostasis, redox balance and signaling transduction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAstrocyte Loss Augments Body Weight Through Reduction in Adipose Sympathetic Outflows.
Glia
January 2025
Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Emerging evidence indicates that astrocytes modulate energy metabolism and homeostasis. However, one important but poorly understood element is the necessity of astrocytes in the control of body weight. Here, we apply viral vector-assisted brain-region selective loss of astrocytes to define physiological roles played by astrocytes in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) and to elucidate the involved mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPregnenolone effects on parasympathetic response to stress and alcohol cue provocation in treatment-seeking individuals with alcohol use disorder.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken)
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, The Yale Stress Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Background: Chronic alcohol consumption in alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with autonomic nervous system dysregulation, increasing cardiovascular risk, and high alcohol cravings. Heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of autonomic nervous system responsiveness to stressors, may mediate alcohol's impact on the cardiovascular system. While pregnenolone (PREG) has been shown to normalize heart rate and blood pressure in individuals with AUD, its effects on sympathetic and parasympathetic components of HRV and related alcohol craving are not known.
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