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Longitudinal characterization of the metabolome of dairy cows transitioning from one lactation to the next: Investigations in fecal samples.
J Dairy Sci
March 2025
Trouw Nutrition R&D, P.O. Box 299, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.. Electronic address:
The fecal metabolome comprises metabolites that are excreted or not absorbed by the animal. This study examined the changes in the fecal metabolome of dairy cows from the end of one lactation period, through the dry period, and into the subsequent lactation. Twelve Holstein cows (BW = 745 ± 71 kg, BCS = 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with valproate and metformin on pentylenetetrazole-induced epilepsy in rats.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
March 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Sri Shanmugha College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to the Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University), Salem, 637304, Tamil Nadu, India.
Valproate is a first-line therapy for epilepsy. It enhances GABA-mediated inhibition by increasing GABA synthetase enzyme activity. However, it causes hepatotoxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCatecholaminergic Modulation of Metacontrol Is Reflected in Aperiodic EEG Activity and Predicted by Baseline GABA+ and Glx Concentrations.
Hum Brain Mapp
March 2025
School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
The ability to balance between being persistent versus flexible during cognitive control is referred to as "metacontrol" and reflected in the exponent of aperiodic neural activity. Theoretical considerations suggest that metacontrol is affected by the interplay of the GABAergic, glutamatergic, and catecholaminergic systems. Moreover, evidence suggests that fronto-striatal structures play an important role.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReevaluating the neural noise in dyslexia using biomarkers from electroencephalography and high-resolution magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Elife
March 2025
Laboratory of Language Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
The neural noise hypothesis of dyslexia posits an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) brain activity as an underlying mechanism of reading difficulties. This study provides the first direct test of this hypothesis using both electroencephalography (EEG) power spectrum measures in 120 Polish adolescents and young adults (60 with dyslexia, 60 controls) and glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentrations from magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 7T MRI scanner in half of the sample. Our results, supported by Bayesian statistics, show no evidence of E/I balance differences between groups, challenging the hypothesis that cortical hyperexcitability underlies dyslexia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLack of association between pretreatment glutamate/GABA and major depressive disorder treatment response.
Transl Psychiatry
March 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Studies have shown gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) and Glx (a combination of glutamate and glutamine) to be altered in major depressive disorder (MDD). Using proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (H-MRS), this study aimed to determine whether lower pretreatment GABA and Glx levels in the medial frontal cortex, a region implicated in MDD pathophysiology, are associated with better antidepressant treatment response. Participants with MDD (N = 74) were antidepressant naïve or medication-free for at least three weeks before imaging.
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