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Aflatoxin B1 production: A time-water activity-temperature model.
Fungal Biol
December 2024
Applied Mycology Unit, Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Science, University of Lleida, AGROTECNIO-CERCA Centre, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- - Aspergillus flavus is a common contaminant in foods and animal feeds, producing the harmful mycotoxin aflatoxin B that poses risks to human and animal health.
- - Researchers created probability models to predict the growth and aflatoxin B production of A. flavus in maize under varying temperatures and water activity levels.
- - The study found that aflatoxin B production was greater in maize grains than in agar, and previous water activity conditions affect future toxin production, implying that safe water levels may vary based on earlier fungal growth.
The Septoria tritici blotch (STB) [Zymoseptoria tritici (Desm.)] of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is characterized by its polycyclic and hemibiotrophic nature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Aflatoxin contamination by section Flavi fungi poses a significant threat to food security and public health in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Maize, groundnut, and sorghum are staple crops frequently contaminated with aflatoxins, sometimes at dangerous levels. Despite its detrimental effects, many farmers in SSA lack access to effective tools for mitigating aflatoxin contamination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWeather deviations linked to undocumented migration and return between Mexico and the United States.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
November 2024
Department of Sociology and School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how changing climate leads to extreme weather conditions that affect undocumented migration patterns between Mexico and the U.S.
- Data from over 48,000 individuals in 84 Mexican agricultural communities highlights that severe drought increases the likelihood of migrating to the U.S., while persistent extreme weather reduces chances of returning home.
- The research suggests that as climate change intensifies weather events, it will further drive clandestine migration and expose individuals to greater risks during their journey across borders.
Organizing the Chaos: Novel Insights into the Regulation of Z-3-Hexenal Production in Damaged Maize Leaves.
Plants (Basel)
October 2024
Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are important signaling compounds that help to regulate plant defenses against pests and pathogens. Made through the hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) pathway, they are rapidly produced upon damage and can signal to other parts of the same plant or even plants nearby, where they can induce rapid defense responses directly or prime them against impending danger. In this primed state, plants can respond faster and/or stronger should pests or pathogens attack.
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