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Phenytoin Induced Osteopathy -Too Common to be Neglected.
J Clin Diagn Res
November 2015
Additional Professor and Head, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, JIPMER Pondicherry, India .
Anticonvulsants have the broad spectrum of side effects on the bone that are collectively known as osteopathy. Anticonvulsant induced osteopathy can have detrimental consequences. We present an unusual case that uniquely highlights both adverse effects of phenytoin on bone metabolism and side effects of its overtreatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMarkers of bone turnover in patients with epilepsy and their relationship to management of bone diseases induced by antiepileptic drugs.
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol
October 2016
a Department of Neurology and Psychiatry , Assiut University Hospital, Assiut , Egypt.
Data from cross-sectional and prospective studies revealed that patients with epilepsy and on long-term treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are at increased risk for metabolic bone diseases. Bone diseases were reported in about 50% of patients on AEDs. Low bone mineral density, osteopenia/osteoporosis, osteomalacia, rickets, altered concentration of bone turnover markers and fractures were reported with phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproate, oxcarbazepine and lamotrigine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of antiepileptic drugs on bone health and growth potential in children with epilepsy.
Paediatr Drugs
April 2015
Departments of Clinical Medicine and Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9100, Aalborg, Denmark,
Background: Bone health may be impaired in children with epilepsy.
Objectives: Our objective was to characterize bone mineral density (BMD) and bone growth in children receiving antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and to assess the effects of co-morbidity, vitamin D deficiency, and type of drugs used.
Data Sources: Data were sourced from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science.
Anti-epileptic drugs and hormonal treatments.
Curr Treat Options Neurol
May 2014
The York Hospital, Wigginton Road, York, YO31 8HE, UK,
Epilepsy and the medications used in its treatment are known to affect the menstrual cycle, aspects of contraception, and bone health in women. Adolescence is an important time to review the diagnosis of both epilepsy and the epilepsy syndrome because of the implications and decisions, which should be made regarding antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment. In girls, once they are on AED therapy, seizure free, and driving, it becomes difficult to change therapy because of the risk of breakthrough seizures and the fact that the new AED may not be as effective as the first.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly predisposition to osteomalacia in Indian adults on phenytoin or valproate monotherapy and effective prophylaxis by simultaneous supplementation with calcium and 25-hydroxy vitamin D at recommended daily allowance dosage: a prospective study.
Neurol India
August 2010
Department of Biochemistry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and Hospital, Sion, Mumbai - 400 022, India.
Background: Long-term therapy with antiepileptic drugs (AED) may be associated with increased total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels and reduced serum calcium, inorganic phosphorous, and vitamin D levels. These adverse biochemical alterations have an adverse effect on bone health.
Objective: To determine (a) onset of derangements in serum total ALP and its isoenzymes (liver, bone), calcium and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) concentrations after initiation of treatment with phenytoin or valproic acid monotherapy and (b) the effect of simultaneous supplementation with calcium and 25-OHD at recommended daily allowance (RDA) dosage, on these biochemical parameters.
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