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Decoding Salience: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Investigation of Reward and Contextual Unexpectedness in Memory Encoding and Retrieval.
Hum Brain Mapp
January 2025
Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
The present study investigated the neuromodulatory substrates of salience processing and its impact on memory encoding and behaviour, with a specific focus on two distinct types of salience: reward and contextual unexpectedness. 46 Participants performed a novel task paradigm modulating these two aspects independently and allowing for investigating their distinct and interactive effects on memory encoding while undergoing high-resolution fMRI. By using advanced image processing techniques tailored to examine midbrain and brainstem nuclei with high precision, our study additionally aimed to elucidate differential activation patterns in subcortical nuclei in response to reward-associated and contextually unexpected stimuli, including distinct pathways involving in particular dopaminergic modulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaternal stress during pregnancy, or prenatal stress, is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In ASD, dorsal striatum displays abnormalities correlating with symptom severity, but there is a gap in knowledge about dorsal striatal cellular and molecular mechanisms that may contribute. Using a mouse model, we investigated how prenatal stress impacted striatal-dependent behavior in adult offspring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtificial intelligence-enhanced navigation for nerve recognition and surgical education in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
Surg Endosc
January 2025
Department of Digestive Surgery, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi City, Saitama, 180, Nishiaraijuku333-0833, Japan.
Background: Devices that help educate young doctors and enable safe, minimally invasive surgery are needed. Eureka is a surgical artificial intelligence (AI) system that can intraoperatively highlight loose connective tissues (LCTs) in the dissected layers and nerves in the surgical field displayed on a monitor. In this study, we examined whether AI navigation (AIN) with Eureka can assist trainees in recognizing nerves during colorectal surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDorsal Intradural Extramedullary Bronchogenic Cysts: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review.
Cureus
December 2024
Neurological Surgery, High Specialty Regional Hospital Bajio, León, MEX.
Intradural extramedullary bronchogenic cysts (IEBCs) are exceedingly rare congenital entities, composed of respiratory epithelial cells derived from the anomalous development of the embryonic foregut. Due to their exceptionally low morbidity, only limited cases are available. Consequently, the clinical features and optimal therapeutic approach remain poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroimaging signatures and a deep learning modeling for early diagnosing and predicting non-pharmacological therapy success for subclinical depression comorbid sleep disorders in college students.
Int J Clin Health Psychol
December 2024
First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
Objective: College students with subclinical depression often experience sleep disturbances and are at high risk of developing major depressive disorder without early intervention. Clinical guidelines recommend non-pharmacotherapy as the primary option for subclinical depression with comorbid sleep disorders (sDSDs). However, the neuroimaging mechanisms and therapeutic responses associated with these treatments are poorly understood.
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