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Species- and strain-specific microbial modulation of interferon, innate immunity, and epithelial barrier in 2D air-liquid interface respiratory epithelial cultures.
BMC Biol
January 2025
The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA.
Background: The microbiome regulates the respiratory epithelium's immunomodulatory functions. To explore how the microbiome's biodiversity affects microbe-epithelial interactions, we screened 58 phylogenetically diverse microbes for their transcriptomic effect on human primary bronchial air-liquid interface (ALI) cell cultures.
Results: We found distinct species- and strain-level differences in host innate immunity and epithelial barrier response.
Pulmonary function in swimmers exposed to disinfection by-products: a narrative review.
Front Physiol
January 2025
Department of Sport Medicine and Traumatology, Poznan Univeristy of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland.
Swimming produces many psychophysiological effects, including blood, hormonal, enzymatic, pulmonary, cardiovascular and energetic adaptations. However, asthma and allergies are becoming increasingly prevalent medical issues among elite endurance-trained swimmers, where exercise-induced asthma or bronchospasm is frequently reported. Heavy endurance swimming training, especially under adverse conditions, stresses the airway mucosa, leading to inflammatory changes, as observed in induced sputum in competitive swimmers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostic Value of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Intranodal Forceps Biopsies Combined with Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Mediastinal/Hilar Lymph Node Disease.
Br J Hosp Med (Lond)
December 2024
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is the standard method for sampling mediastinal/hilar lymph node disease. However, the smaller samples obtained via needle aspiration have a lower diagnostic rate for benign compared to malignant diseases. The low diagnostic rates have been reported to be improved through using endobronchial ultrasound-guided intranodal forceps biopsy (EBUS-IFB), but the implementation of IFB presents technical challenges, as described with variable results in certain studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiation decreases bronchial epithelial progenitor function as assessed by organoid formation.
Respir Res
January 2025
Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Albinusdreef 2, C2-R-062, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Objective: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a serious side-effect of radiotherapy for lung cancer, in which effects on the normal lung epithelium may play a key role. Since these effects are incompletely understood, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of ionizing radiation (IR) on cultured well-differentiated primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC) with a focus on cytotoxicity, barrier formation, inflammation and epithelial progenitor function.
Materials And Methods: PBEC were cultured at the Air-Liquid Interface (ALI-PBEC) to allow mucociliary differentiation.
Optimization of a micro-scale air-liquid-interface model of human proximal airway epithelium for moderate throughput drug screening for SARS-CoV-2.
Respir Res
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Background: Many respiratory viruses attack the airway epithelium and cause a wide spectrum of diseases for which we have limited therapies. To date, a few primary human stem cell-based models of the proximal airway have been reported for drug discovery but scaling them up to a higher throughput platform remains a significant challenge. As a result, most of the drug screening assays for respiratory viruses are performed on commercial cell line-based 2D cultures that provide limited translational ability.
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