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Modeling time scale of integration in equilibrium passive sampling.
Environ Toxicol Chem
January 2025
Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Passive samplers (PSs) deployed in the field for several months provide a time-averaged measurement of the freely dissolved concentration of pollutants, which is important for assessing ecological exposure and estimating pollutant loads. A comprehensive theoretical modeling assessment of the sampling time scale of integration (TSI) of an equilibrium PS is required to correctly interpret the results. We address this knowledge gap by modeling exchange kinetics of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in low-density polyethylene (PE) PS based on diffusive transport and first-order kinetics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExperimental investigation and simulation of SEM image intensity behaviors for developing thickness-controlled S/TEM lamella preparation via FIB-SEM.
Microscopy (Oxf)
January 2025
National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan.
High-quality thin lamellae are essential for state-of-the-art scanning transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM) analyses. While the preparation of S/TEM lamellae using focused ion beam (FIB-) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been established since the early 21st century, two critical factors have only recently been addressed: precise control over lamella thickness and a systematic understanding of FIB-induced damage. This study conducts an experimental investigation and simulation to explore how the intensities of backscattered and secondary electrons (BSEs and SEs, respectively) depend on lamellae thickness for semiconductor (Si), insulator (Al2O3), and metallic (stainless-steel) materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA review on the screening methods for the discovery of natural antimicrobial peptides.
J Pharm Anal
January 2025
School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China.
Natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising candidates for the development of a new generation of antimicrobials to combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens. They have found extensive applications in the fields of medicine, food, and agriculture. However, efficiently screening AMPs from natural sources poses several challenges, including low efficiency and high antibiotic resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of operating parameters on the electrooxidation of methylene blue and ciprofloxacin: a comprehensive analysis and degradation pathway.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
In recent decades, freshwater bodies have experienced significant stress due to the excessive disposal of dyes from textile industries and waste antibiotic discharges from pharmaceutical industries. The continuous disposal of these substances may harm the natural ecosystem and generate antibiotic resistance in living organisms. Conventional treatment facilities are inadequate in treating these contaminants effectively, leading to a focused interest in advanced technologies, such as electrooxidation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsolation of Natural Products Using Preparative TLC.
Methods Mol Biol
January 2025
Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Known for their diverse and potent physiological activities, natural products continue to be essential for the discovery and development of new drugs. This chapter explores the pivotal role of preparative thin-layer chromatography (Prep-TLC) in the isolation of natural products. This chapter begins with an understanding of the historical significance and structural complexity of natural products, and discusses the problems caused by complex mixtures present in extracts, as well as the multifunctionality, cost-effectiveness, and compatibility with different sample types of Prep-TLC to address these challenges.
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