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A 3D Model of the Human Lung Airway for Evaluating Permeability of Inhaled Drugs.
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci
January 2025
Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States.
Current in vitro cell-based methods, relying on single cell types, have structural and functional limitations in determining lung drug permeability, which is a contributing factor affecting both local and systemic drug levels. To address this issue, we investigated a 3D human lung airway model generated using a cell culture insert, wherein primary human lung epithelial and endothelial cells were cocultured at an air-liquid interface (ALI). To ensure that the cell culture mimics the physiological and functional characteristics of airway tissue, the model was characterized by evaluating several parameters such as cellular confluency, ciliation, tight junctions, mucus-layer formation, transepithelial electrical resistance, and barrier function through assaying fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran permeability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom innovation to clinic: Emerging strategies harnessing electrically conductive polymers to enhance electrically stimulated peripheral nerve repair.
Mater Today Bio
February 2025
Discipline of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Peripheral nerve repair (PNR) is a major healthcare challenge due to the limited regenerative capacity of the nervous system, often leading to severe functional impairments. While nerve autografts are the gold standard, their implications are constrained by issues such as donor site morbidity and limited availability, necessitating innovative alternatives like nerve guidance conduits (NGCs). However, the inherently slow nerve growth rate (∼1 mm/day) and prolonged neuroinflammation, delay recovery even with the use of passive (no-conductive) NGCs, resulting in muscle atrophy and loss of locomotor function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGIS-based assessment of photovoltaic solar potential on building rooftops in equatorial urban areas.
Heliyon
January 2025
Universidad de Cuenca, Laboratorio de Ecología Acuática (LEA), Balzay Campus, Cuenca, 010107, Ecuador.
Installing photovoltaic systems (PVs) on building rooftops is a viable and sustainable alternative to meet the growing demand for electricity in cities. This work develops a methodology that uses LiDAR (laser imaging detection and ranging) technology and roof footprints to obtain a three-dimensional representation of the rooftops in the urban centre of Santa Isabel (Azuay, Ecuador). This allowed the determination of characteristics such as area, slope, orientation, and received solar radiation, making it possible to calculate the rooftop's theoretical, technical, and economic photovoltaic potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInspection of wind turbine bolted connections using the ultrasonic phased array system.
Heliyon
July 2024
Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XQ, UK.
This study explores the inspection of bolted connections in wind turbines, specifically focusing on the application of Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT). The research comprises four sections: Acoustoelastic Constant calibration, high tension investigation on bolts, blind tests on larger bolts, and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) verification. The methodology shows accurate results for stress while the bolt is under operative loads, and produces a clear indication of when it is above these loads and beginning to deform.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDriverDetector: An R package providing multiple statistical methods for cancer driver genes detection and tools for downstream analysis.
Heliyon
July 2024
Department of Breast Surgery, Institute of Breast Disease, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China.
Identifying driver genes in cancer is a difficult task because of the heterogeneity of cancer as well as the complex interactions among genes. As sequencing data become more readily available, there is a growing need for detecting cancer driver genes based on statistical and mathematical modeling methods. Currently, plenty of driver gene identification algorithms have been published, but they fail to achieve consistent results.
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