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Estimating the Prevalence of Schizophrenia in the General Population of Japan Using an Artificial Neural Network-Based Schizophrenia Classifier: Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.
JMIR Form Res
January 2025
Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan, 81 562-93-2476, 81 562-93-3079.
Background: Estimating the prevalence of schizophrenia in the general population remains a challenge worldwide, as well as in Japan. Few studies have estimated schizophrenia prevalence in the Japanese population and have often relied on reports from hospitals and self-reported physician diagnoses or typical schizophrenia symptoms. These approaches are likely to underestimate the true prevalence owing to stigma, poor insight, or lack of access to health care among respondents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Association between occupational exposure to pesticides and ototoxicity in farmers of Pontal do Paranapanema-SP, Brazil].
Cien Saude Colet
January 2025
Departamento de Química, Universidade do Oeste Paulista. São Paulo SP Brasil.
The scope of this study was to assess the ototoxic effects and general health of farmers exposed to pesticides in the Pontal do Paranapanema region, SP, Brazil. Participants of both sexes aged 18-40, 40-60 and >60 years were allocated into two groups: Non-Exposed Group (NEG) and Occupationally Exposed Group (OEG). A questionnaire of exposure and health, meatoscopy, pure tone audiometry, logoaudiometry and immittanciometry were assessed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRetinopathy of prematurity: Accuracy of ROPScore and WINROP algorithms in a Brazilian population.
Arq Bras Oftalmol
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Purpose: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of the retinopathy of prematurity score (ROPScore) and weight, insulin-like growth factor-1, retinopathy of prematurity algorithm in predicting the risk of developing severe retinopathy of prematurity (prethreshold type 1) in a sample of preterm infants in Brazil.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records of preterm infants (n=288) with birth weight of ≤1500 g and/or gestational age of 23-32 weeks in a neonatal unit in Southern Brazil from May 2013 to December 2020 (92 months).
Results: The incidence of confirmed severe retinopathy of prematurity was 6.
Exploring the relationship between established HIV risk factors and depressive symptoms amongst young women without HIV in two sites in South Africa.
PLoS One
January 2025
Centre for Community-Based Research, Human Science Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa.
Purpose: Adolescent girls are at high risk for depression and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. Poor mental health can increase vulnerability to risky sexual behaviours. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of depressive symptomology and explore the convergence of HIV risk factors with depressive symptoms amongst cis-gender adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in rural KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) and peri-urban Western Cape (WC) communities in South Africa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrief social presence improves delayed memory for online lecture content.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of videoconferencing platforms became ubiquitous in postsecondary education around the world, making it crucial to understand how to maximize the efficacy of synchronous online classes. Given that social information can act as a motivation and improve memory, the current study tested the hypothesis that brief social presence during an online class would act as a social reward that would increase delayed memory for lecture information. Undergraduate students attended a mock synchronous class during which they viewed a pre-recorded science lecture, and social presence was manipulated by having participants turn on their cameras before and after the lecture (high social presence) or having cameras remain off during the entire class (low social presence).
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