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Importance: This article highlights key National Institutes of Health (NIH) programs, policies, and scientific advances that have informed and improved the health of women and describe the promise and potential of harnessing cutting-edge science and integrative approaches to advance women's health research. Policy updates combined with recent scientific and programmatic initiatives are intended to expand understanding of women's health, deliver diagnostics, and develop preventive approaches and novel therapies to meet critical health needs of contemporary women.
Observations: To benefit all people through the work funded and conducted by the NIH biomedical research enterprise, NIH has implemented policies that broadly expanded the knowledge of human health and disease from the laboratory to the clinic.
Apnea After 2-Month Vaccinations in Hospitalized Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Importance: Preterm infants are recommended to receive most vaccinations at the same postnatal age as term infants. Studies have inconsistently observed an increased risk for postvaccination apnea in preterm infants.
Objective: To compare the proportions of hospitalized preterm infants with apnea and other adverse events in the 48 hours after 2-month vaccinations vs after no vaccinations.
Sexual Dimorphism in Migraine. Focus on Mitochondria.
Curr Pain Headache Rep
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian Academy in Plock, 09-420, Plock, Poland.
Purpose Of Review: Migraine prevalence in females is up to 3 times higher than in males and females show higher frequency, longer duration, and increased severity of headache attacks, but the reason for that difference is not known. This narrative review presents the main aspects of sex dimorphism in migraine prevalence and discusses the role of sex-related differences in mitochondrial homeostasis in that dimorphism. The gender dimension is also shortly addressed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKnowledge, Attitudes and Willingness of Caregivers of Preterm Infants Toward Autism: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Int J Dev Neurosci
February 2025
Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Background: To examine the knowledge, attitudes and willingness of caregivers of preterm infants toward autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2022 at the Hospital and enrolled the caregivers of preterm infants. The final questionnaire, developed by the authors, included four dimensions: demographic data, knowledge (16 items), attitudes (10 items) and willingness (seven items).
Global Burden of Gallbladder Cancer Attributable to Modifiable Risk Factors.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly lethal and often overlooked malignancy increasingly affecting young adults. This study quantified the global proportion of GBC cases attributable to 10 key modifiable risk factors, employing Monte Carlo simulations and estimates from field-wide systematic review and meta-analysis. Approximately three-quarters of global GBC cases are attributable to key modifiable factors (74.
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