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Poisoned in their homes - Red blood cell abnormalities in lead-exposed residents of a Pakistani Industrial Zone.

Environ Monit Assess

January 2025

Cancer Biology Lab, Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quid-E-Azam Campus, PO Box No. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan.

The present study investigated the clinical and hematological effects of chronic lead exposure in the population residing in Shadi Pura, a small industrial zone in Lahore, Pakistan. A cross-sectional analysis of 149 participants recruited through health camps was conducted to explore the hematological manifestations of environmental lead exposure, focusing on various red blood cell (RBC) indices and morphology. Moreover, the study examined the differences in the impact of lead exposure on RBC indices and morphology between men, women, and children.

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Context: Hemoglobinopathies are the most common heterogeneous group of monogenetic disorder in the world and its prevalence varies with geographical regions. India is developing country and many studies show a significant burden of hemoglobinopathies in India.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to check the prevalence of various hemoglobinopathies in anemic subjects using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method in Pune region which has multiple ethnic population groups from all parts of India.

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Purpose: There is paucity of guidelines with inadequate data available about the extent and prevention of bone and joint disease in beta-thalassemic patients in Indian population. This study aims to determine bone and joint involvement in beta-thalassemic patients. It evaluates serum biochemical parameters of bone formation and resorption and correlates with the symptomatology in these patients.

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Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the ototoxicity associated with the iron chelator deferasirox in patients with β-thalassemia major, who were receiving regular transfusion therapy, along with evaluating the data on audiological tests using appropriate statistical tests.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 100 transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia major patients on oral iron chelating agent-deferasirox. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) was carried out in all patients to assess the auditory side effects of the drug.

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Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are increasingly used across various industries due to their catalytic, antimicrobial, and electrical properties. However, their potential toxicity in aquatic environments, particularly to non-target organisms like fish, remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of CuNP exposure on rainbow trout () by comprehensively evaluating hematological, biochemical, antioxidant, molecular, and histopathological parameters.

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