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Partner fidelity, not geography, drives co-diversification of gut microbiota with hominids.
Biol Lett
January 2025
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Bacterial strains that inhabit the gastrointestinal tracts of hominids have diversified in parallel (co-diversified) with their host species. The extent to which co-diversification has been mediated by partner fidelity between strains and hosts or by geographical distance between hosts is not clear due to a lack of strain-level data from clades of hosts with unconfounded phylogenetic relationships and geographical distributions. Here, I tested these competing hypotheses through meta-analyses of 7121 gut bacterial genomes assembled from wild-living ape species and subspecies sampled throughout their ranges in equatorial Africa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGorillaFACS: The Facial Action Coding System for the Gorilla spp.
PLoS One
January 2025
Human Biology & Primate Cognition Department, Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
The Facial Action Coding System (FACS) is an objective observation tool for measuring human facial behaviour. It avoids subjective attributions of meaning by objectively measuring independent movements linked to facial muscles, called Action Units (AUs). FACS has been adapted to 11 other taxa, including most apes, macaques and domestic animals, but not yet gorillas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing an Oral Sugar Test to Biologically Validate the Use of a Commercial Enzyme Immunoassay to Measure Salivary Insulin in Western Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla).
J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol
January 2025
Zoological Programs, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Noninvasive evaluations of hormones can contribute to the assessment of health and welfare of animals. Variations in insulin levels and sensitivity, for example, have been linked to health concerns in non-human and human primates including insulin resistance, diabetes, and heart disease, the leading cause of death in zoo-housed gorillas. Few published studies have assessed insulin concentrations in western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla), and all did so using serum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlasmodium falciparum CyRPA glycan binding does not explain adaptation to humans.
Genome Biol Evol
January 2025
Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum evolved from a parasite that infects gorillas, termed Plasmodium praefalciparum. The sialic acids on glycans on the surface of erythrocytes differ between humans and other apes. It has recently been shown that the P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe extent of western lowland gorilla social relationships within and between groups.
PLoS One
January 2025
Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
The nature of western lowland gorilla social relationships within and between groups is largely understudied, partly due to the challenges of monitoring associations between individuals who live in neighboring groups. In this study, we examined the social relationships of four western lowland gorilla groups in the Ndoki landscape of northern Republic of Congo. To do so, we compiled all-occurrence social interaction and silverback nearest neighbor social networks from data collected during daily group follows conducted over several years.
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