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Continuous Blood Gas Control Based on Active Disturbance Rejection Control During Ex Vivo Porcine Liver Perfusion.
Artif Organs
January 2025
Division of Life Science and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Background: Membrane oxygenators facilitate extracorporeal gas exchange, necessitating the monitoring of blood gas. Recent advances in normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) for ex vivo liver offer solutions to the shortage of donor liver. However, maintaining physiological blood gas levels during prolonged NMP is complex and costly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancing Hemocompatibility in ECMO Systems With a Fibrinolytic Interactive Coating: in Vitro Evaluation of Blood Clot Lysis Using a 3D Microfluidic Model.
Macromol Biosci
January 2025
Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac, 10, 12, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.
Blood-contacting medical devices, especially extracorporeal membrane oxygenators (ECMOs), are highly susceptible to surface-induced coagulation because of their extensive surface area. This can compromise device functionality and lead to life-threatening complications. High doses of anticoagulants, combined with anti-thrombogenic surface coatings, are typically employed to mitigate this risk, but such treatment can lead to hemorrhagic complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncidence of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in different membrane oxygenators: pilot in vitro experiments in commercially available coated membranes.
J Artif Organs
January 2025
Department for Cardiac, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were detected in blood samples and in cellular deposits of oxygenator membranes during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy and may be responsible for thrombogenesis. The aim was to evaluate the effect of the base material of gas fiber (GF, polymethylpentene) and heat exchange (HE) membranes and different antithrombogenic coatings on isolated granulocytes from healthy volunteers under static culture conditions. Contact of granulocytes with membranes from different ECMO oxygenators (with different surface coatings) and uncoated-GFs allowed detection of adherent cells and NETotic nuclear structures (normal, swollen, ruptured) using nuclear staining.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFailure to oxygenate during cardiopulmonary bypass; treatment options and intervention algorithm.
J Extra Corpor Technol
December 2024
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Membrane oxygenator failure remains a concern for perfusion teams. Successful outcomes for this low-frequency, high-risk intervention are predicated on having written institutional protocols for both the oxygenator change-out procedure as well as how often the procedure is practiced by staff perfusionists. A recent review of peer-reviewed journal articles, textbooks and online resources revealed a lack of a unified intervention algorithm for failure to oxygenate during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhanced Hemodynamics of Anisometric TPMS Topology Reduce Blood Clotting in 3D Printed Blood Contactors.
Adv Healthc Mater
January 2025
Chemical Process Engineering (AVT.CVT), RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Artificial organs like oxygenators and dialyzers struggle with uneven flow distribution, leading to clot formation and reduced efficiency.
- This study introduces triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) to enhance flow distribution and examines their impact on blood coagulation through computational fluid dynamics and blood testing.
- Results show that TPMS, especially anisometric designs, improve flow distribution and significantly reduce blood clotting compared to traditional tubular designs, while also allowing for customizable inner surfaces for better functionality.
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