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Deciphering the colostral-immunity transfer: from mammary gland to neonates small intestine.
Vet Res Commun
January 2025
Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Colostrum, the initial mammary secretion produced by various mammals following birth, is a conduit for maternal immunity transfer in diverse mammalian species. Concurrently, many cellular processes are occurring in the neonatal small intestine to prepare it to receive molecular signals from a superfood essential for the neonate's health and development. During the prepartum colostrum secretion, the newborn intestine undergoes transient alterations in the intestinal barrier, primarily regulating immunoglobulin absorption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunological memory in a teleost fish: common carp IgM B cells differentiate into memory and plasma cells.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Laboratory of Fish Protistology, Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czechia.
Article Synopsis
- All vertebrates, from ancient fishes to mammals, possess adaptive immunity and immunological memory, although the specific responding cells in fish have not been clearly defined.
- Researchers infected common carp with a cnidarian parasite and observed that B cells proliferated and showed signs of differentiation, indicating they can form memory cells.
- The study revealed that these memory B cells can persist for at least six months, alongside identifying a distinct population of plasma cells, suggesting that teleost fish possess the necessary immune components for effective long-term disease protection akin to other vertebrates.
Assessing the impact of different donor milk treatments on infant health and growth: a systematic review protocol.
BMJ Open
December 2024
Laboratory of Human Milk and Lactation Research, Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Introduction: Donor human milk (DHM) is the first alternative if mother's own milk is unavailable or contraindicated. Much DHM research has focused on its nutritional, immunological and biochemical composition in response to various maternal variables, standard human milk banking procedures and storage protocols. The current systematic review protocol, however, aims to systematically gather and analyse existing data pertaining to the impact of these aforementioned factors on the clinical, health-related and developmental outcomes observed in infants fed with DHM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex differences in disease: sex chromosome and immunity.
J Transl Med
December 2024
The Second Hospital and Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Sex is a fundamental biological variable that influences immune system function, with sex chromosomes (X and Y) playing a central role in these differences. Despite substantial evidence of disparities in immune responses between males and females, biomedical research has historically overlooked sex as a critical factor. This oversight has contributed to the observed disparities in susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and malignancies between the sexes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccumulated BCAAs and BCKAs contribute to the HFD-induced deterioration of Alzheimer's disease via a dysfunctional TREM2-related reduction in microglial β-amyloid clearance.
J Neuroinflammation
December 2024
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China.
A high-fat diet (HFD) induces obesity and insulin resistance, which may exacerbate amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) pathology during Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) accumulate in obese or insulin-resistant patients and animal models. However, roles of accumulated BCAAs and their metabolites, branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs), in the HFD-induced deterioration of AD and the underlying mechanisms remains largely unclear.
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