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A reduction in effective population size has not relaxed purifying selection in the human population of Eivissa (Balearic Islands).
Sci Rep
January 2025
Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Catalonia, Spain.
Ibiza (Eivissa) is one of the main Balearic Islands in the western Mediterranean. Recent studies have highlighted the genetic distinctiveness of present-day Eivissans within the region and suggested it could be attributed to the genetic drift caused by recent demographic events. Whether this distinctiveness emerged from a differential demographic history, or rather from a bias for sampling in a small geographic region such as Eivissa, remains an open question, together with the understanding of the functional consequences of demography in the island.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent food trade helps mitigate future climate change impacts in lower-income nations.
PLoS One
January 2025
Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- The risk of disruptions in national food supply is influenced by both local production and imports, yet most assessments overlook the climate effects on producing regions.
- Using global crop modeling and current trade flows, the study compares domestic production impacts to broader consumption impacts that include climate effects from all supplying regions.
- The findings indicate that climate change exacerbates supply risks for wealthier countries while potentially mitigating risks for lower-income nations, highlighting the critical need for a global perspective in food security strategies.
Knowledge of the present-day in situ stress field (PIS) has important theoretical and practical significance for shale gas exploration and development. The Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in the Luzhou Block serves as the main reservoir of marine shale production in southern China. However, there is no clear understanding of PIS in the Luzhou area, which leads to a series of production problems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Legacy of Redlining and the Geography of Tobacco Retailers in Wisconsin.
WMJ
November 2024
Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Introduction: Housing discrimination as one of the main mechanisms for reinforcing racial segregation has persisted historically in the United States through a process known as "redlining." In recent years, researchers across different disciplines have utilized the iconic "residential security maps" created by the Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) in the 1930s to analyze the structural roots of racial disparities. HOLC maps designated grading of "best" to "still desirable" to "definitely declining" and "hazardous" to urban areas where percentage of African American and foreigners were among the reordered measures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPracticing health equity in kidney care by establishing improved access to timely disease management and kidney replacement therapy options: from providers to patients.
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens
January 2025
Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.
Purpose Of Review: The aim of this article is to review the current understanding of disparities in healthcare experienced by people living with kidney disease and emerging approaches to address root causes. Health equity for any disease state is an aspirational goal commonly sought out by the medical community, but all too often lacking the understanding and support required to improve the outcomes of people with complex conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Recent Findings: The main themes of the literature covered in this article include a review of the structural drivers of healthcare outcomes, a description of research in the fields of health literacy and patient activation for patients with CKD, and an analysis of the examples of healthcare disparities in CKD patients that include involuntary discharges from dialysis facilities as well as the toll taken from dialysis populations during natural disasters.
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