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Interventions to Maintain HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Service Delivery During Public Health Emergencies in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for a Systematic Review.
JMIR Res Protoc
January 2025
Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Background: Although existing disease preparedness and response frameworks provide guidance about strengthening emergency response capacity, little attention is paid to health service continuity during emergency responses. During the 2014 Ebola outbreak, there were 11,325 reported deaths due to the Ebola virus and yet disruption in access to care caused more than 10,000 additional deaths due to measles, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. Low- and middle-income countries account for the largest disease burden due to HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria and yet previous responses to health emergencies showed that HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria service delivery can be significantly disrupted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVariable surface antigen expression, virulence, and persistent infection by malaria parasites.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev
January 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
SUMMARYThe human malaria parasite is known for its ability to maintain lengthy infections that can extend for over a year. This property is derived from the parasite's capacity to continuously alter the antigens expressed on the surface of the infected red blood cell, thereby avoiding antibody recognition and immune destruction. The primary target of the immune system is an antigen called PfEMP1 that serves as a cell surface receptor and enables infected cells to adhere to the vascular endothelium and thus avoid filtration by the spleen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFactors associated with tuberculosis treatment initiation among bacteriologically negative individuals evaluated for tuberculosis: An individual patient data meta-analysis.
PLoS Med
January 2025
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Background: Globally, over one-third of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) disease diagnoses are made based on clinical criteria after a negative bacteriological test result. There is limited information on the factors that determine clinicians' decisions to initiate TB treatment when initial bacteriological test results are negative.
Methods And Findings: We performed a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis using studies conducted between January 2010 and December 2022 (PROSPERO: CRD42022287613).
Severe Malaria Due to Imported Plasmodium ovale: A Case Report From New York.
Cureus
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK.
Malaria is highly prevalent in West and Central Africa. In the United States, most reported cases are due to immigration from endemic regions. Severe malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale is rare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutoantibodies against phosphatidylserine and DNA during canine Dirofilaria immitis infection.
Vet Parasitol
January 2025
Biological Sciences Department, New York City College of Technology, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States; Biology PhD Program, CUNY Graduate Center, New York, NY, United States. Electronic address:
Heartworm infection caused by Dirofilaria immitis induces a devastating disease that greatly affects the global canine population. The mechanism leading to heartworm pathology has been attributed to be mostly by mechanical damage of the worm to the dog´s vascular system and immune-mediated, but the latter processes are not completely understood. Autoantibodies targeting host molecules such as lipids and nucleic acids have been described with pathological roles during malaria and COVID-19 and mediating anemia and thrombocytopenia.
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