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Recent Insights Into Wnt-Related tRNA-Derived Fragments (tRFs) in Human Diseases.
J Cell Biochem
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are a newly recognized class of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) that play significant roles in various diseases. The Wnt pathway plays a key role in various physiological processes such as embryonic development, tissue renewal and regeneration. In the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin, Forkhead box k1(FOXK1), Frizzled class receptor 3 (FZD3), and Wnt5b can be targeted and inhibited by three tRFs: tRF3008A targets FOXK1 to inhibit colorectal cancer (CRC), 5'-tiRNAVal targets FZD3 to inhibit breast cancer (BrC), and tRF-22-8BWS7K092 targets Wnt5b to induce ferroptosis in lung cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExosomes derived from IFNγ-stimulated mesenchymal stem cells protect photoreceptors in RCS rats by restoring immune homeostasis through tsRNAs.
Cell Commun Signal
November 2024
Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
Background: Retinitis pigmentosa is a neurodegenerative disease with major pathologies of photoreceptor apoptosis and immune imbalance. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been approved for clinical application for treating various immune-related or neurodegenerative diseases. The objective of this research was to investigate the mechanisms underlying the safeguarding effects of MSC-derived exosomes in a retinal degenerative disease model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndemic Radiation of African Moonfish, (Gill 1863), in the Eastern Atlantic: Mitogenomic Characterization and Phylogenetic Implications of Carangids (Teleostei: Carangiformes).
Biomolecules
September 2024
Ocean and Fisheries Development International Cooperation Institute, College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzes the mitochondrial genome of a species from the Eastern Atlantic Ocean, detailing its 16,541 base pairs, which include 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and a control region.
- It reveals a significant adenine-thymine (AT) bias in the nucleotide composition, with most protein-coding genes starting with the ATG codon and highlights the presence of strong purifying selection based on codon usage analysis.
- The research also conducts phylogenetic analysis among 72 species to differentiate this species within the Carangidae family and examines the role of ocean currents in its evolutionary dynamics and speciation.
50 years in the making: acpU, an amino-acid-containing nucleoside, links N-glycans and RNA in glycoRNA.
Mol Cell
October 2024
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address:
In a recent publication in Cell, Xie et al. report a sensitive and scalable method for the detection and characterization of native glycoRNAs and identify acpU, an abundant modified nucleoside discovered 50 years ago in tRNA, as one of the primary attachment sites for N-glycans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImino chemical shift assignments of tRNA, tRNA and tRNA from Escherichia coli.
Biomol NMR Assign
December 2024
Expression génétique microbienne, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut de biologie physico-chimique, IBPC, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75005, France.
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are an essential component of the protein synthesis machinery. In order to accomplish their cellular functions, tRNAs go through a highly controlled biogenesis process leading to the production of correctly folded tRNAs. tRNAs in solution adopt the characteristic L-shape form, a stable tertiary conformation imperative for the cellular stability of tRNAs, their thermotolerance, their interaction with protein and RNA complexes and their activity in the translation process.
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