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Gut decontamination in the poisoned patient.
Br J Clin Pharmacol
January 2025
Division of Medical Toxicology, Ronald O. Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Poisoning management includes gastrointestinal decontamination strategies to decrease the burden of poison entering the body and change the expected severe toxicity expected to a less toxic, more favourable outcome. Common modalities are orogastric lavage, oral-activated charcoal and whole-bowel irrigation. Endoscopic retrieval and laparotomy are rare options reserved for severe ingestions and body packers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-diabetic effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on obese and overweight patients across diabetes status, administration routes, treatment duration and baseline characteristics: A systematic review.
Diabetes Obes Metab
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are increasingly used for anti-obesity indications. However, little is known of the comparative effect of GLP-1 RAs and their glycemic impact across the different routes of administration, diabetic statuses and durations of prescription. PubMed, EMBASE and CENTRAL were searched from inception to 13 February 2024.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends in use of antiseizure medication and treatment pattern during the first trimester in the German Embryotox cohort.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Embryotox Center of Clinical Teratology and Drug Safety in Pregnancy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Because of their developmental toxicity, some antiseizure medication (ASM) should be avoided during pregnancy. This may lead to discontinuation or switching of ASM after recognition of pregnancy, but some of these changes may be suboptimal. Trends in ASM use at conception were analyzed in 3,763 pregnancies prospectively ascertained by a teratology information service in Germany between 2000 and 2018.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug-Coated Balloons for the Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease: A Review.
JAMA Cardiol
December 2024
The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
Importance: Drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty has emerged as an alternative to drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary in-stent restenosis (ISR) as well as de novo coronary artery disease.
Observations: DCBs are balloons coated with antiproliferative agents and excipients, whose aim is to foster favorable vessel healing after appropriate lesion preparation. By providing homogeneous antiproliferative drug delivery in the absence of permanent foreign body implantation, DCBs offer multiple advantages over DES, including preservation of vessel anatomy and function and positive vessel remodeling.
Effectiveness of Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor Drugs on Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review.
Cureus
November 2024
Pharmacology, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a painful and chronic inflammatory skin disease with no consistently effective treatment, affecting a significant portion of the Western population. HS is characterized by painful nodules, abscesses, tunnels, and scarring in body folds. The immunobiology is poorly understood, therefore resulting in a lack of effective therapies.
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