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Ligand-activated pregnane X receptor interferes with HNF-4 signaling by targeting a common coactivator PGC-1alpha. Functional implications in hepatic cholesterol and glucose metabolism.
J Biol Chem
October 2004
Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801, USA.
Previous studies show that feedback inhibition of bile acid production by bile acids is mediated by multiple mechanisms, including activation of pregnane X receptor (PXR). Consistent with these studies, the antibiotic rifampicin, a ligand for human PXR, reduces hepatic bile acid levels in cholestasis patients. To delineate the mechanisms underlying PXR-mediated suppression of bile acid biosynthesis, we examined the functional cross-talk between human PXR and HNF-4, a key hepatic activator of genes involved in bile acid biosynthesis including the cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and sterol 12-alpha hydroxylase (CYP8B1) genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBelated diagnosis in three patients with rifampicin-induced immune haemolytic anaemia.
Br J Haematol
May 2002
Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, University Hospital Charité, Humboldt-University, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
We report three patients who developed haemolysis following rifampicin treatment. Initially, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) of the warm type and/or an acute haemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR) was suggested. The direct antiglobulin tests (DAT) were strongly positive for IgG and C3d, and tests for rifampicin-dependent antibodies were positive in all three cases, featuring C-specificity in one case.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlycoprotein Ib/IX complex is the target in rifampicin-induced immune thrombocytopenia.
Br J Haematol
September 2000
Department of Haematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Thrombocytopenia is a major adverse effect of several drug treatments. Rifampicin has been recognized as a cause of immune thrombocytopenia during intermittent high-dose therapy. We characterized the antibody of a patient who presented with purpura and thrombocytopenia during treatment of tuberculosis with rifampicin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute hemolysis as a reaction to rifampicin is extremely rare; case reports number less than 15. We recently evaluated a 65-year-old Cambodian refugee who self-regulated the use of rifampicin and isoniazid for pulmonary tuberculosis. Fifteen minutes after a single discontinuous oral dose, he developed flank pain, chills, rigors, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and brown turbid urine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA total of 481 adult Chinese, Malays, and Indians in Singapore with newly diagnosed smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were allocated at random to four regimens of intermittent rifampicin plus isoniazid. All patients received an initial 2 weeks of daily streptomycin plus isoniazid plus rifampicin. This was followed either by twice-weekly isoniazid 15 mg/kg plus rifampicin 900 mg (HR2 regimen) or 600 mg (LR2 regimen), or by once-weekly isoniazid 15 mg/kg plus rifampicin 900 mg (HR1 regimen) or 600 mg (LR1 regimen).
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