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The Self in Depression and Anxiety as a Transdiagnostic and Differential-diagnostic Neural Marker: A Systematic Review.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
January 2025
Mind, Brain Imaging and Neuroethics Research Unit, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research. Electronic address:
Accurate and early diagnosis of Depression and Anxiety is met with the challenge of comorbid presentations and the neglect of the basic disturbances of self in current diagnostic criteria. Here, we review studies employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with self-based tasks in major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders (AD) to determine the transdiagnostic and differential-diagnostic applicability of neural markers related to the self. This systematic review identified three main findings: (I) Large-scale brain-wide changes related to self-dysfunction overlap significantly between MDD and AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTopographic Evaluation of Inflammatory Periapical Lesions in the First Molar's Region Using CBCT.
Int J Dent
January 2025
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Investigating the pattern of extension in the periapical (PA) inflammatory lesions is important in the treatment plan and prognosis of treatment. This study evaluated the topography of PA inflammatory lesions in the first molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In this descriptive study, 197 CBCT images about patients in the age group of 14-77 years were analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteochondral Fractures in Adolescents With First-time Patellar Dislocation: Three-dimensional Characterization and Association With Radiographic Features.
Am J Sports Med
January 2025
Washington University in St Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Background: Consequences of osteochondral fractures associated with patellar dislocation can be severe for younger patients. Precise 3-dimensional characterization of fracture location, size, frequency, and radiographic associations remain undefined in this population.
Purpose: (1) To define the topographic characteristics of osteochondral fractures in pediatric and adolescent patients with first-time patellar dislocations and (2) to determine the relationship between these characteristics and radiographic and patient factors.
Unlabelled: Motivated behaviors are regulated by distributed forebrain networks. Traditional approaches have often focused on individual brain regions and connections that do not capture the topographic organization of forebrain connectivity. We performed co-injections of anterograde and retrograde tract tracers in rats to provide novel high-spatial resolution evidence of topographic connections that elaborate a previously identified closed-loop forebrain circuit implicated in affective and motivational processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCategory-biased patches encircle core domain-general regions in the human lateral prefrontal cortex.
bioRxiv
January 2025
MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, CB2 7EF, Cambridge, UK.
The fine-grained functional organization of the human lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) remains poorly understood. Previous fMRI studies delineated focal domain-general, or multiple-demand (MD), PFC areas that co-activate during diverse cognitively demanding tasks. While there is some evidence for category-selective (face and scene) patches, in human and non-human primate PFC, these have not been systematically assessed.
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