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Primary prevention of variceal bleeding in people with oesophageal varices due to liver cirrhosis: a network meta-analysis.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
April 2021
Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.
Background: Approximately 40% to 95% of people with cirrhosis have oesophageal varices. About 15% to 20% of oesophageal varices bleed in about one to three years. There are several different treatments to prevent bleeding, including: beta-blockers, endoscopic sclerotherapy, and variceal band ligation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElimination of Schistosoma mansoni Adult Worms by Rhesus Macaques: Basis for a Therapeutic Vaccine?
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
September 2008
Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom.
Background: Among animal models of schistosomiasis, the rhesus macaque is unique in that an infection establishes but egg excretion rapidly diminishes, potentially due to loss of adult worms from the portal system via shunts or death by immune attack.
Principal Findings: To investigate this, six rhesus macaques were exposed to Schistosoma mansoni cercariae and the infection monitored until portal perfusion at 18 weeks. Despite a wide variation in worm numbers recovered, fecal egg output and circulating antigen levels indicated that a substantial population had established in all animals.
Effects of mesocaval shunt on the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole in young rats.
Proc West Pharmacol Soc
January 2006
Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria-SSA, Mexico, City, Mexico.
Prophylactic and therapeutic management of portosystemic encephalopathies is based on protein restriction in the diet, and the use of lactulose and antibiotics such as metronidazole. These actions intend to reduce the main source of intestinal ammonia production and release into the systemic circulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the medium-term effects of mesocaval shunt on the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole in rats with healthy livers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPortal hypertension: A surgical hepatologist's view of current management.
J Gastrointest Surg
November 2006
Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Medical Research Council Liver Research Center, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Current strategies for management of acute esophageal variceal bleeding and for long-term treatment after an episode of variceal bleeding are outlined. Acute variceal bleeding is best managed by means of endoscopic therapy (sclerotherapy, band ligation, or "superglue"), whereas the role of pharmacologic agents remains controversial. In cases of failure of endoscopic therapy, a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure, an emergency shunt, or a transection operation should be performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA prospective evaluation of changes in neuropsychological and liver function tests following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt.
J Hepatol
December 1995
Centre for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, UK.
Background/aims: This study was designed to assess changes in: (a) neuropsychological tests, measures of memory, quality of life and scores for anxiety and depression; (b) liver function tests; and (c) the relationship between these following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt.
Methods: Twenty-nine patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt for recurrent variceal haemorrhage, 12 matched patients with cirrhosis and variceal haemorrhage managed with variceal band ligation and 16 normal controls were studied. Patients in any of the groups who were clinically encephalopathic were excluded from the study.
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