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Background: Traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation is the most common type of joint dislocation, with an incidence of 11 to 29 per 100 000 persons per year. Controversy still surrounds the recommendations for treatment and the available procedures for surgical stabilization.
Methods: This review is based on pertinent publications (2014-2024) that were retrieved by a selective search in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Importance: Using albumin-adjusted calcium is commonly recommended for for measuring calcium, but with little empirical evidence to support the practice.
Objective: To assess the correlation between total calcium measurements (with or without adjustment) vs the ionized calcium level as a reference standard.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a population-based cross-sectional study in the province of Alberta, Canada, including adults tested for serum total calcium and ionized calcium simultaneously between January 1, 2013, and October 31, 2019.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Importance: Disease characteristics of genetically mediated coronary artery disease (CAD) on coronary angiography and the association of genomic risk with outcomes after coronary angiography are not well understood.
Objective: To assess the angiographic characteristics and risk of post-coronary angiography outcomes of patients with genomic drivers of CAD: familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), high polygenic risk score (PRS), and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP).
Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective cohort study of 3518 Mass General Brigham Biobank participants with genomic information who underwent coronary angiography was conducted between July 18, 2000, and August 1, 2023.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Importance: There is limited evidence regarding the association between age at menopause and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Objective: To investigate whether age at menopause and premature menopause are associated with T2D incidence in postmenopausal Korean women.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based cohort study was conducted among a nationally representative sample from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database of 1 125 378 postmenopausal women without T2D who enrolled in 2009.
JAMA Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Importance: Spontaneous reports have indicated that montelukast increases the risk of neuropsychiatric adverse events, and the US Food and Drug Administration added a boxed warning about these risks in 2020. However, the potential mechanism is not well understood, and the observational evidence is scarce, particularly in children.
Objective: To assess the potential association between the use of montelukast and the risk of neuropsychiatric adverse events in children and adolescents.
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