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Current status and future directions of application of urine proteomics in neonatology.

Front Pediatr

January 2025

Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, China.

With continuous advancements in mass spectrometry technology, researchers increasingly utilize this method to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying various diseases, and to identify novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Among proteomics applications, urinary proteomics stands out for its non-invasive nature, making it particularly suitable for vulnerable populations like neonates. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent research on urinary proteomics in the field of neonatology.

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Indigestible gut permeability markers are used to assess gut integrity and can be administered to calves via a milk meal (MM) or orally pulsed (OP). This study investigated how marker administration route (ADM_R) affects the estimation of gut permeability in relation to milk replacer (MR) fat inclusion. Thirty-two newborn Holstein calves were blocked based on their arrival sequence at the facility.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) in paediatric kidney transplant recipients is common. Infection including urinary tract infection (UTI) and rejection are the most common causes in children. Surgical complications often cause AKI early post-transplant, whereas BK polyomavirus nephropathy rarely occurs in the first month post-transplant.

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Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is marked by mineral imbalances, often leading to nephrolithiasis and osteoporosis. While imaging remains the cornerstone for stone detection, there is growing interest in biochemical markers that could enhance diagnostic accuracy. This study investigates the calcium-to-magnesium (Ca/Mg) ratio as a novel biomarker for nephrolithiasis, comparing its utility to traditional 24-h urinary calcium excretion and exploring its broader clinical implications.

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White light cystoscopy is a precise instrument for the detection and treatment of papillary bladder tumors. Various additional macroscopic detection methods have been established. Some of them, especially PDD or NBI, have been shown to have an additional benefit on the recurrence rate of bladder tumors, so they should be used as part of the diagnosis and treatment when available.

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