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A two-stage model of the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and the fuzzy synthetic evaluation technique to prioritize sustainable sanitation services under uncertainty.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Civil Engineering & Sustainable Structures, Technical University (Kadoorie), Jaffa Street, P.O. Box (7), Tulkarem, Palestine.
In the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which strive to ensure comprehensive access to fundamental water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services, it is extremely imperative to prioritize communities in need and still disadvantaged. Moreover, tackling the worldwide sanitation crisis entails advancing the development of productive and sustainable sanitation systems and infrastructure. Sanitation planning is a multidimensional exercise encompassing multiple dimensions, stakeholders, and strategies, typically with conflicting objectives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMachine learning-enhanced high-resolution exposure assessment of ultrafine particles.
Nat Commun
January 2025
School of Safety Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Ultrafine particles (UFPs) under 100 nm pose significant health risks inadequately addressed by traditional mass-based metrics. The WHO emphasizes particle number concentration (PNC) for assessing UFP exposure, but large-scale evaluations remain scarce. In this study, we developed a stacking-based machine learning framework integrating data-driven and physical-chemical models for a national-scale UFP exposure assessment at 1 km spatial and 1-hour temporal resolutions, leveraging long-term standardized PNC measurements in Switzerland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency (DPYD) Genotyping-Guided Fluoropyrimidine-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
Clin Drug Investig
January 2025
Pharmacy Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar.
Background And Objective: While standard doses of adjuvant fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapies are generally safe for most patients, the risk of severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is increased for those with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency (DPYD), a genetic variation that affects drug metabolism. The objective of this study was to examine the cost effectiveness of offering DPYD pharmacogenetic-guided care, where genetic testing informs personalized dosing versus the current standard of care (SoC), which involves administering fluoropyrimidine-based therapies without prior genetic screening, for local or metastatic breast cancer patients in Qatar.
Methods: We developed a two-stage decision analysis, with an analytic tree model over a 6-month period, followed by a life-table Markov model over a lifetime horizon.
Review: A hierarchical research model to foster dialog between grazing ecology and beef cow energetics to support ecological intensification of native grassland.
Animal
November 2024
Centro Universitario de la Región Este, Universidad de la República, Uruguay.
Cow-calf systems grazing native grasslands must transition toward improved economic performance simultaneously with the conservation and improvement of ecosystem services they provide. We present an innovation model with this objective based on a hierarchical model that links functional relationships between state variables, grazing experiments and its validation, and co-innovation at the farm level. This paper describes the hypotheses, designs, and results of the studies, and the role of grazing ecology and herbivore nutrition to support the process of ecological intensification of livestock systems on native grasslands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCluster Analysis of HCC Prognosis Using Preoperative AFP and DCP Levels: A Multi-Institutional Study.
J Gastrointest Surg
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, characterized by high recurrence rates post-curative resection. Tumor markers des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are crucial for HCC diagnosis and prognosis, yet their roles in the modern era of HCC epidemiology require reevaluation.
Methods: This multi-institutional retrospective study analyzed 1,515 patients who underwent hepatectomy for primary HCC.
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