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J Vasc Surg
January 2025
Baylor University Medical Center, Department of Anesthesia, Division of Anesthesia.
Introduction: Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) encompasses multiple symptoms produced by compression of the neurovascular bundle within the thoracic outlet. The subtypes of thoracic outlet are termed for the major affected structure including neurogenic (nTOS), venous (vTOS), and arterial (aTOS) thoracic outlet syndrome. Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome accounts for over 95 percent of thoracic outlet syndrome cases and occurs from compression of the brachial plexus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Orthop
January 2025
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Division, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA.
Purpose: This narrative review identifies and summarizes current evidence for diagnostic ultrasonographic evaluation of upper extremity dynamic compressive neuropathies affecting athletes.
Methods: Relevant literature was identified using the PubMed database and then summarized.
Results: The compressive neuropathies affecting athletes we identified included: neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome, pectoralis minor syndrome, quadrilateral space syndrome, suprascapular nerve entrapment, proximal median nerve entrapment or bicipital aponeurosis/lacertus fibrosus (lacertus syndrome), radial tunnel syndrome, and cubital tunnel syndrome.
Ann Vasc Surg
January 2025
Black Country Vascular Network, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, UK.
Objective: Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is caused by compression of the neurovascular bundle at the thoracic outlet which often poses a diagnostic challenge. Patient management is often based on surgeon choice and experience. This study aims to describe practices relating to the diagnosis and management of TOS in the UK over a 1-year period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
January 2025
Operative Research Unit of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy.
Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is an uncommon condition defined by the compression of neurovascular structures within the thoracic outlet. When conservative management strategies fail to alleviate symptoms, surgical decompression becomes necessary. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of regional anesthesia (RA) using spontaneous breathing in contrast to general anesthesia (GA) for patients undergoing surgical intervention for TOS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Radiol Anat
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Laboratory Medicine (PALM), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
The unique structure and location of the internal thoracic artery make it an ideal conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting surgery and autologous breast reconstruction. Variants with different characteristics have the potential to impact surgical success. This report presents a female body donor with a novel bilateral variation of the internal thoracic artery.
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