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Apparent timescaling of fossil diversification rates is caused by sampling bias.
Curr Biol
January 2025
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3AN, UK.
Negative scaling relationships between both speciation and extinction rates, on the one hand, and the age or duration of organismal groups on the other, are pervasive and recovered in both molecular phylogenetic and fossil time series. The agreement between molecular and fossil data hints at a universal cause and potentially at incongruence between micro- and macroevolution. However, the existence of negative rate scaling in fossil time series has not undergone the same level of scrutiny as in molecular data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF'Do they care?': a qualitative examination of patient perspectives on primary care clinician communication related to opioids in the USA.
BMJ Open
January 2025
Center for Pharmacy Innovation and Outcomes, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
Objectives: This substudy's objectives were to (1) examine the transferability of a four archetype framework (simplified pattern of prototypical features) for patients at high risk for opioid use disorder (OUD) developed from a previous study with a similar population; (2) explore how patient preferences for terminology can inform clinician communication strategies for patients with OUD across archetypes and (3) explore how patient perceptions of opioid risks can inform clinician communication strategies across patient archetypes.
Design: This qualitative study collected data via semistructured phone interviews with patients about views on opioid-related discussions with primary care clinicians. Qualitative data were coded using the Rigorous and Accelerated Data Reduction technique and analysed via iterative inductive/deductive thematic analysis.
How Can Clinical Communication Alleviate the Negative Impacts of Social Determinants of Health?: A Secondary HINTS 6 Dataset Analysis.
J Patient Exp
December 2024
Department of Communication, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
Structural disparities (eg, food insecurities, housing, and lack of transportation) at different social levels (eg, personal, family, and community) are strong determinants of health, influencing individuals' and population well-being worldwide. Research is scarce examining how clinical communication can mitigate the negative impact of social disparities obstructing the reception of quality healthcare. In this study, we explore the mediation role of patient-centered communication (PCC) between social determinants of health (SDH) and quality of care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnosis value of targeted and metagenomic sequencing in respiratory tract infection.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
December 2024
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Background: Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) has become a trending tool in the field of infection diagnosis, but concerns are also raising about its performance compared with metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). This study aims to explore the clinical feasibility of a tNGS panel for respiratory tract infection diagnosis and compare it with mNGS in the same cohort of inpatients.
Methods: 180 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected and sent to two centers for mNGS and tNGS blinded tests, respectively.
Palladium-Catalyzed -Allylic Alkylation of Pyrazoles and Unactivated Vinylcyclopropanes.
Org Lett
January 2025
School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
An efficient palladium-catalyzed -allylic alkylation of pyrazoles and unactivated vinylcyclopropanes is demonstrated, affording various -alkyl pyrazoles in ≤99% yield. This protocol displays high atom economy, a broad range of substrates, and excellent regioselectivity and stereoselectivity. Late-stage modification of bioactive molecules, scaled-up reaction, and divergent derivatization documented the practicability of this methodology.
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