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Similar Publications

Oliceridine- Opioid of the 21 Century.

Saudi J Anaesth

January 2022

Clinical Associate Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 680 Dulles, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Oliceridine (Olinvyk® Trevena, PA, USA) was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for clinical use on Aug 8, 2020. Even though, the indication of its approval is very restrictive (to manage moderate-to-severe acute pain in adults when the pain is severe enough), for such an innovative opioid, off-label indications are bound to abound. What could be described as the "opioid of the century," it aims to overcome some of the stubbornest barriers to opioid prescribing, namely addiction liability, respiratory depression, and gastrointestinal (GI) side effects, just to name a few.

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A History of Intravenous Anesthesia in War (1656-1988).

J Anesth Hist

January 2016

Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Ministry of Defence Hospital Unit, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Albert House, Cosham, Hampshire, UK, PO63LY.

The practice of anesthesia in war places significant restraints on the choice of anesthetic technique used; these include, but are not limited to, safety, simplicity, and portability. Ever since intravenous anesthesia became a practical alternative, there have been military doctors who felt that this technique was particularly suited to this environment. The challenge, as in civilian practice, has been to find the appropriate drugs as well as simple and safe delivery systems.

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Alphaxalone Reformulated: A Water-Soluble Intravenous Anesthetic Preparation in Sulfobutyl-Ether-β-Cyclodextrin.

Anesth Analg

May 2015

From the Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Drawbridge Pharmaceuticals Pty Ltd, Malvern, Victoria, Australia; and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Background: Alphaxalone is a neuroactive steroid anesthetic that is poorly water soluble. It was formulated in 1972 as Althesin® using Cremophor® EL, a nonionic surfactant additive. The product was a versatile short-acting IV anesthetic used in clinical practice in many countries from 1972 to 1984.

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The endocrine response is an important component of the physiological response to blood loss. There is some variability in reported levels of certain hormones during hemorrhage such as the stress hormone adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Therefore, the effect of two anesthetic agents, ketamine and saffan, on ACTH and beta-endorphin levels during hemorrhage was assessed in 12 minipigs.

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Objectives: Ethanol intoxication has hemodynamic and metabolic effects after hemorrhage according to studies using fixed-volume controlled blood loss models. The authors tested the null hypothesis that after uncontrolled hemorrhage there would be no difference in the hemodynamic responses between ethanol-intoxicated (EtOH+) and nonintoxicated (EtOH-) rats.

Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with althesin intraperitoneally.

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