The use of context-sensitive symbols offers an appropriate methodology for investigating the representation of meaning in the brain. This approach revealed that late components of frontal, but not occipital, evoked potentials reflect the change of meaning of a symbolic stimulus when it appears in different temporal contexts.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.186.4167.944 | DOI Listing |
Transl Psychiatry
January 2025
Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Impairments in reinforcement learning (RL) might underlie the tendency of individuals with elevated psychopathic traits to behave exploitatively, as they fail to learn from their mistakes. Most studies on the topic have focused on binary choices, while everyday functioning requires us to learn the value of multiple options. In this study, we evaluated the cognitive correlates of naturalistic foraging-type decision-making and their electrophysiological signatures in a community sample (n = 108) with varying degrees of psychopathic traits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Sens
January 2025
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China.
The simultaneous detection of electroencephalography (EEG) signals and neurotransmitter levels plays an important role as biomarkers for the assessment and monitoring of emotions and cognition. This paper describes the development of boron and nitrogen codoped graphene-diamond (BNGrD) microelectrodes with a diameter of only 200 μm for sensing EEG signals and dopamine (DA) levels, which have been developed for the first time. The optimized BNGrD microelectrode responded sensitively to both EEG and DA signals, with a signal-to-noise ratio of 9 dB for spontaneous EEG signals and a limit of detection as low as 124 nM for DA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuron
January 2025
Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:
Systems consolidation relies on coordination between hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) and neocortical UP/DOWN states during sleep. However, whether this coupling exists across the neocortex and the mechanisms enabling it remains unknown. By combining electrophysiology in mouse hippocampus (HPC) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC) with wide-field imaging of the dorsal neocortex, we found spatially and temporally precise bi-directional hippocampo-neocortical interaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrosc Res Tech
January 2025
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Arrhythmia is a common and serious global health problem, contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The cardiac muscle is susceptible to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which can lead to fatal arrhythmias during open-heart surgery. We investigated the potential prophylactic effect of angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7) using an in vivo rat model of I/R injury and examined the underlying mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Lang
January 2025
Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
Selective speech adaptation refers to the phenomenon where repeated exposure to identical speech sounds temporarily reduces sensitivity to that sound. We used EEG to track the time-course of this effect. Participants were first exposed to the Dutch vowels /e/ or /ø/ and subsequently identified ambiguous sounds halfway between these phonemes.
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