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The buoyancy of cryptococcal cells and its implications for transport and persistence of in aqueous environments.
mSphere
December 2024
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Unlabelled is a genus of fungi that can pose health risks to humans and animals, particularly from inhaling spores from soil and trees, and more recently, marine environments.* ! -
- The dynamics of how these fungi spread through water and their buoyancy are not well understood, but recent findings show that salinity affects their ability to stay suspended at the water's surface for extended periods.* ! -
- Cryptococcosis, a serious fungal disease primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals, has increasingly appeared in temperate regions since the 1990s, highlighting the need for further studies on its spread and transport.* !
Sailing Through Choppy Waters: Management of Medical Oxygen Emergencies During the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep
November 2024
Director, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
During the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic, an increasing number of patients experienced breathlessness, which progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome, leading to the need for supplemental oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation. With each passing day, the need for medical oxygen increased and simultaneously medical oxygen reserves in the country were getting depleted. Government agencies deployed multipronged strategies to ensure that the hospitals had an adequate supply of medical oxygen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe alarmin, interleukin-33, increases vascular tone via extracellular signal regulated kinase-mediated Ca sensitization and endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibition.
J Physiol
November 2024
Department of Physiology, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
Alarmins are classified by their release from damaged or ruptured cells. Many alarmins have been found to increase vascular tone and oppose endothelium-dependent dilatation (EDD). Interleukin (IL)-33 plays a prominent role in lung injury and can be released during vascular injury and in chronic studies found to be cardioprotective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTolerability and first hints for potential efficacy of motor-cognitive training under inspiratory hypoxia in health and neuropsychiatric disorders: A translational viewpoint.
Neuroprotection
September 2024
Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, City Campus, Göttingen, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Hypoxia is increasingly recognized as a key factor that helps brain cells adapt to low oxygen levels and reduced metabolism, leading to what the authors call "functional hypoxia."
- The study investigates the effects of combined mild inspiratory and functional hypoxia during motor-cognitive training in a group of 20 participants, including healthy individuals and those with depression or autism spectrum disorder.
- Initial findings suggest that this training under low oxygen conditions is well-tolerated and may improve well-being, cognitive performance, physical fitness, and affect immune cell responses, warranting further research with a controlled trial to better assess the benefits.
Differential neuromotor control of the vertical and longitudinal genioglossus muscle fibers: An overlooked tongue retractor.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol
January 2025
Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Respiratory Unit, Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the role of the genioglossus (GG) muscle in tongue movement during breathing, specifically focusing on the anterior fibers and their EMG activity during wakefulness and sleep.
- Results showed that electrical stimulation of the anterior GG fibers caused tongue retraction, while the longitudinal fibers were responsible for protrusion.
- The findings reveal distinct control mechanisms for the anterior GG compared to the protrusive fibers, suggesting that treatments for obstructive sleep apnea should avoid stimulating the retractor fibers of the GG.
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