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Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene to Polystyrene Nanoparticles with Self-Emulsifying Nanodroplets as Nucleus.
Langmuir
January 2025
Research Center for Water Resources and Interface Science, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
The mechanism of the emulsion polymerization of styrene to polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) remains a subject of debate. Herein, a series of reaction parameters with different surfactant concentrations, monomer contents, temperatures, and equilibration times were investigated to understand the formation mechanism of PSNPs, which demonstrate a correlation between the properties of PSNPs and the mesostructure of the premix. Cooling the model systems with self-emulsifying nanodroplets (SENDs) in the early reaction stages resulted in the hollow polystyrene spheres (H-PSSs), ruptured PSNPs, and dandelion-like PSNPs, further indicating that the oil nanodroplets are the key sites for the formation of PSNPs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVarying Projection Quality of Good Local Electric Field Gradients of Monochlorobenzaldehydes.
J Phys Chem A
January 2025
University of Göttingen, Institute for Physical Chemistry, Tammannstraße 6, 37077,Göttingen Germany.
Rotational spectroscopy is an excellent tool for structure determination, which can provide additional insights into local electronic structure by investigating the hyperfine pattern due to nuclear quadrupole coupling. Jet-cooled molecules are good experimental benchmark targets for electronic structure calculations, as they are free of environmental effects. We report the rotational spectra of 2-chlorobenzaldehyde, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde, and 4-chlorobenzaldehyde, including a complete experimental description of the nuclear quadrupole coupling constants, which were previously not experimentally determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFreeze-Casting Mold-Based Scalable Synthesis of Directional Graphene Aerogels with Long-Range Pore Alignment for Energy Applications.
Small Methods
January 2025
School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea.
In various applications, the pore structure of a porous medium must be controlled to facilitate heat and mass transfer, which considerably influence the system performance. Freeze-casting is a versatile technique for creating aligned pores; However, because of the complexity of the associated equipment and the energy inefficiency of liquid-nitrogen-based cooling in a room-temperature environment, limits scalability for industrial applications. This study is aimed at establishing a novel freeze-casting strategy with a simple mold design combining heat-conductive and insulating materials for long-range pore alignment via directional ice growth under deep-freezing conditions, rendering it feasible for large-scale production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Unusual Mesophases and Properties Exhibited by a Family of Glycosteroids.
Chemistry
January 2025
Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ICBMS, Bâtiment Lederer, 1 Rue Victor Grignard, F-69622, Villeurbanne, FRANCE.
In this article we describe research on the synthesis and characterization of a family of "Janus" amphiphiles composed of disaccharide head groups and alkaloid units joined together via a methylene linker, and bearing a lateral aliphatic chain of varying length. The condensed phases formed by self-organization of the products as a function of temperature were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, thermal polarized light microscopy, and small angle X-ray scattering, allied with computational modelling and simulations. Structural studies on heating specimens from the solid showed that some homologues exhibited lamellar, columnar and bicontinuous mesophases, whereas the same homologues revealed different phase sequences on cooling from the amorphous liquid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrganic Spacers Modulated Low Dose X-Ray Detection in Hybrid Halide 2D Perovskites: Unveiling Exciton Dynamics.
Small
January 2025
Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.
In this study, we investigate how modulating organic spacers in perovskites influences their X-ray detection performance and reveal the mechanism of low-dose detection with high sensitivity using femtosecond-transient absorption spectroscopy (fs-TAS). Particularly, we employ N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediammonium (TMPDA) and N,N-dimethylphenylene-p-diammonium (DPDA) as organic spacers to synthesize 2D perovskite single crystals (SCs). We find that DPDA-based SCs exhibit reduced interplanar spacing between inorganic layers, leading to increased lattice packing.
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