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Potential new treatment for inferior vena cava injury using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation applying flow diversion effect.
Trauma Surg Acute Care Open
November 2024
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- * An 80-year-old woman with cardiac arrest due to a pulmonary embolism was treated successfully using venoarterial ECMO, which stabilized her condition and allowed for the management of subsequent liver and IVC injuries without surgery.
- * The research indicates that increasing ECMO flow can effectively control bleeding from IVC injuries, suggesting a promising new approach for treating these severe injuries based on both patient outcomes and validation in a dog model.
Stomal variceal haemorrhage in ileal conduit diversion: a rare case report and literature review.
Front Oncol
October 2024
Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Background: Radical cystectomy is typically recommended for managing bladder cancer, with ileal conduit diversion being a prevalent form of urinary diversion. Stomal variceal haemorrhage is a rare complication of ileal bladder diversion and poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges that can escalate to life-threatening circumstances. Hepatic cirrhosis and cancer liver metastasis-induced portal hypertension are considered the main causes of stomal varices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDelayed Posterior Fossa Hemorrhage Following a Tangential Gunshot Wound to the Occiput in a Patient With Chronic Liver Disease: A Case Report.
Cureus
October 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, University of California Irvine Health, Orange, USA.
Gunshot wounds (GSWs) to the head and neck are a common etiology of traumatic brain injury. Tangential GSWs (TGSWs) are a subset of GSWs wherein the missile penetrates tissue adjacent to the cranium, causing varying degrees of intracranial injury. Most patients sustaining TGSWs present with relatively benign neurological findings, and while a significant proportion have varying degrees of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) on computed tomography, these tend to respond well to nonoperative management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegration of metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveals novel regulatory functions of the ChREBP transcription factor in energy metabolism.
bioRxiv
September 2024
Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center & Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center.
Article Synopsis
- ChREBP is a key transcription factor that regulates genes involved in glucose, fructose, and lipid metabolism when carbohydrates are consumed, but its broader roles in metabolism need more research.* -
- In a study using liver-specific gene silencing in rats on a high-fat/sugar diet, suppressing ChREBP resulted in lower short-chain acyl CoA metabolites and decreased free CoA levels, affecting various metabolic enzyme expressions.* -
- Despite ChREBP knockdown enhancing fatty acid oxidation enzymes, the accumulation of liver acylcarnitines and ketones suggested a shift in metabolite processing, alongside maintained pyruvate levels due to increased transporter expression.*
Exploring odevixibat's efficacy in alagille syndrome: insights from recent clinical trials and IBAT inhibitor experiences.
Expert Opin Pharmacother
August 2024
Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Introduction: Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a rare, genetic, multisystem disorder commonly associated with cholestatic liver disease; patients with ALGS may experience elevated serum bile acids and severe pruritus with associated impaired sleep. The ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT) is located on the luminal surface of enterocytes in the terminal ileum; this transport protein mediates resorption of conjugated bile acids for recirculation back to the liver. Inhibition of IBAT disrupts the enterohepatic circulation and leads to fecal elimination of bile acids.
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