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The role of indirect interspecific effects in the stochastic dynamics of a simple trophic system.
J Anim Ecol
December 2024
Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Indirect interspecific effects (IIEs) occur when one species affects another through a third intermediary species. Understanding the role of IIEs in population dynamics is key for predicting community-level impacts of environmental change. Yet, empirically teasing apart IIEs from other interactions and population drivers has proven challenging and data-demanding, particularly in species-rich communities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtto-Foxes and Other Minutiae.
Bull Math Biol
August 2021
MACSI, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
This paper addresses the problem of extinction in continuous models of population dynamics associated with small numbers of individuals. We begin with an extended discussion of extinction in the particular case of a stochastic logistic model, and how it relates to the corresponding continuous model. Two examples of 'small number dynamics' are then considered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersistence and extinction of species in a disease-induced ecological system under environmental stochasticity.
Phys Rev E
March 2021
Centre for Mathematical Biology and Ecology, Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
Population extinction is a serious issue both from the theoretical and practical points of view. We explore here how environmental noise influences persistence and extinction of interacting species in presence of a pathogen even when the populations remain stable in its deterministic counterpart. Multiplicative white noise is introduced in a deterministic predator-prey-parasite system by randomly perturbing three biologically important parameters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing Stochastic Modeling to Predict the Effect of Culling and Colony Dispersal of Bats on Zoonotic Viral Epidemics.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis
May 2021
Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Frequent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases originating from wild animals have highlighted the necessity of managing wildlife populations to prevent zoonotic spillover, and the appropriate development of management protocols required attention on gaining a better understanding of viral dynamics in wild animal populations. In east Australia, there have been outbreaks of Hendra virus (HeV) infection in horses and humans following spillover from the virus's reservoir hosts, flying foxes (family Pteropodidae), and bat culling and colony dispersal have been proposed as appropriate management strategies. A key factor relating to flying fox population structure that influences HeV dynamics is that these bats form metapopulations, and consequently, to assess this factor, we designed an epidemic dynamics model of HeV transmission, focusing on bat metapopulation dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrbanization is driving environmental change on a global scale, creating novel environments for wildlife to colonize. Through a combination of stochastic and selective processes, urbanization is also driving evolutionary change. For instance, difficulty in traversing human-modified landscapes may isolate newly established populations from rural sources, while novel selective pressures, such as altered disease risk, toxicant exposure, and light pollution, may further diverge populations through local adaptation.
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