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Aerosol dynamics in dental clinics: effects of ventilation mode on the mitigation of airborne diseases transmission.
Environ Pollut
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan province, China. Electronic address:
Dental operations inherently involve a high risk of airborne cross-infection among medical staff and patients due to the exposure of respiratory secretions, which contain pathogenic microorganisms and typically spread in the form of aerosols. In order to contribute to the understanding of aerosol dynamics during dental operation and efficiently mitigate their dispersion and deposition through appropriate ventilation, 3D numerical simulations and full-scale experimental measurements were performed in this study. The indoor airflow distribution and dynamic aerosol behaviors observed under three optimized ventilation schemes (Scenario I-III) were compared with those observed under the current ventilation system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA New Global Mangrove Height Map with a 12 meter spatial resolution.
Sci Data
January 2025
ETH Zürich, Institut für Umweltingenieurwissenschaften, Zürich, Switzerland.
Mangrove forests thrive along global tropical coasts, acting as a barrier that protects coastlines against storm surges and as nurseries for an entire food web. They are also known for their high carbon sequestration rates and soil carbon stocks. We introduce a new global mangrove canopy height map generated from TanDEM-X spaceborne elevation measurements collected during the 2011-2013 period with a 12-meter spatial resolution and an accuracy of 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrganic carbon dry deposition outpaces atmospheric processing with unaccounted implications for air quality and freshwater ecosystems.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Dry deposition plays a significant role in removing reactive organic carbon from the atmosphere, impacting airborne chemical reactions and transferring this carbon to other environmental systems.
- Using aircraft measurements, researchers found that oil operations can lead to high deposition rates of organic carbon, reaching up to 100 tons per hour, with rapid lifetimes of about 4 hours that can compete with oxidation processes.
- Traditional models for gas-phase deposition may not capture all deposited organic carbon, indicating a need to consider these deposition processes in assessing the effects on freshwater ecosystems, as they contribute significantly to the overall carbon balance compared to terrestrial sources.
Inhalation Exposure to Airborne Prothioconazole Caused by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Application and Potential Lung Health Effects.
J Agric Food Chem
January 2025
Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China.
The use of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has greatly improved pesticide effectiveness and control efficiency; however, the risk of inhalation exposure to pesticides caused by spray drift requires urgent attention. This study is the first to investigate residue distribution and inhalation exposure risk of airborne prothioconazole and its metabolite prothioconazole-desthio during UAV application. The maximum detected unit exposure of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio in airborne particulate matter was 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWavelength-dependent DNA damage induced by single wavelengths of UV-C radiation (215 to 255 nm) in a human cornea model.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, 10032, USA.
Scientific bodies overseeing UV radiation protection recommend safety limits for exposure to ultraviolet radiation in the workplace based on published peer-reviewed data. To support this goal, a 3D model of the human cornea was used to assess the wavelength dependence of corneal damage induced by UV-C radiation. In the first set of experiments the models were exposed with or without simulated tears; at each wavelength (215-255 nm) cells with DNA dimers and their distribution within the epithelium were measured.
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