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Glucagon, rather than Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Mediates Higher Post-Lunch Glucose Excursions during Breakfast Skipping in Asian Indian Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Indian J Endocrinol Metab
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Bai Yamunabai Laxman Nair Charitable Hospital and Topiwala National Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Introduction: The effect and mechanism of skipping breakfast on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Asian-Indians is unknown.
Methods: Cross-over, within-group study recruiting 5 habitual breakfast eaters (BE) and 5 habitual breakfast skippers (BS) with uncontrolled T2DM (HbA1c 7-9%). Patients underwent testing after three days of following their usual breakfast habits and after seven days of crossing over to the other arm.
Shorter Digestion Times of Donor Islets Is Associated With Better Islet Graft Function After Islet Transplantation.
Cell Transplant
January 2025
Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
Although islet transplantation is effective in reducing severe hypoglycemia events and controlling blood glucose in patients with type 1 diabetes, maintaining islet graft function long-term is a significant challenge. Islets from multiple donors are often needed to achieve insulin independence, and even then, islet function can decline over time when metabolic demand exceeds islet mass/insulin secretory capacity. We previously developed a method that calculated the islet graft function index (GFI) and a patient's predicted insulin requirement (PIR) using mathematical nonlinear regression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFN1 derived lipoteichoic acid alleviates insulin resistance in association with modulation of the gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism.
Food Funct
January 2025
College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of heat-killed N1 (HK-N1) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) derived from it on alleviating insulin resistance by modulating the gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism. High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were administered live bacteria or HK-N1, and the results demonstrated that HK-N1 significantly reduced epididymal adipocyte size and serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and improved insulin resistance by increasing the YY peptide and glucagon-like peptide levels. HK-N1 also modulated the gut microbiome composition, enhancing microbiota uniformity and reducing the abundance of , and .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcetonemic vomiting: a potential complication of treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists especially in lean type 2 diabetes patients.
Diabetol Int
January 2025
Division of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610 Japan.
Objectives: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are now widely used for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. We examined their association with acetonemic vomiting, especially when given to patients with low body weight, in hopes of achieving early recognition of this complication which is potentially life-threatening if not dealt with appropriately.
Methods: Cases identified incidentally are described and discussed referring to prior reports.
Heme oxygenase, biliverdin reductase, and bilirubin pathways regulate oxidative stress and insulin resistance: a focus on diabetes and therapeutics.
Clin Sci (Lond)
January 2025
Drug & Disease Discovery D3 Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.
Metabolic and insulin-resistant diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), have become major health issues worldwide. The prevalence of insulin resistance in the general population ranges from 15.5% to 44.
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