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Social norms in Korsakoff's syndrome and alcohol-related dementia.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol
November 2024
Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Social cognition is crucial for interpreting social information, and this study examined its impairment in individuals with Korsakoff's syndrome (KS) and alcohol-related dementia (ARD) compared to healthy controls.
- The study included 30 KS patients, 10 ARD patients, and 74 matched controls, using the Social Norms Questionnaire to measure social cognition.
- Results indicated that both KS and ARD patients struggled more with judging social norms than controls, with KS patients making significantly more judgment errors, highlighting the social behavior challenges faced by these patients.
Beyond the Liver: Neurologic Manifestations of Alcohol Use.
Clin Liver Dis
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, 1400 West 22nd Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA; Division of Hepatology, Avera McKennan Hospital & University Health Center, 1315 South Cliff Avenue, Suite 1200 Plaza 3, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Alcohol use not only harms the liver but also significantly affects the nervous system, often mimicking hepatic encephalopathy, making diagnosis challenging.
- It disrupts neurotransmitter balance, especially between gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate, and chronic use, along with thiamine deficiency, leads to long-term neurological issues.
- Alcohol-related neurological disorders range from acute symptoms like intoxication and withdrawal to chronic conditions such as Korsakoff syndrome, dementia, and peripheral neuropathy, emphasizing the need for careful diagnosis through medical history and exams.
Loss of Consciousness After Naltrexone Implantation: A Case Report.
Turk Psikiyatri Derg
September 2024
Naltrexone is an μ opioid receptor antagonist that is used in alcohol and opiate use disorder. Naltrexone does not constitute tolerance and dependence, and cessation of the drug does not cause withdrawal symptoms. Sustained release form of naltrexone has been developed due to patient compliance issues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEducational inequalities and alcohol-related consequences in Brazil.
Alcohol Alcohol
March 2024
Department of Stomatology, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97015-900, Brazil.
Aims: This study aimed to test whether the alcohol harm paradox (AHP) is observed in Brazil by investigating (i) the association between educational attainment and alcohol-related consequences (ARC) and (ii) the contribution of average alcohol volume consumed (AVC), past-month heavy episodic drinking (HED), smoking, body mass index (BMI), and depression in accounting for the disparities in ARC.
Methods: We analysed data from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey, a nationally representative household survey. The composite ARC outcome was considered present when an individual reported a past-year episode of activity failure, amnesia, and concern by others due to alcohol consumption.
Importance: The accuracy of screening tests for alcohol use disorder (defined as a problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress) requires reassessment to align with the latest definition in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) (DSM-5).
Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of screening tools in identifying individuals with alcohol use disorder as defined in the DSM-5.
Data Sources And Study Selection: The databases of MEDLINE and Embase were searched (January 2013-February 2023) for original studies on the diagnostic accuracy of brief screening tools to identify alcohol use disorder according to the DSM-5 definition.
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