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LONG-LASTING EFFECTS OF EARLY POSTNATAL DYSFUNCTION OF THE BRAIN MUSCARINIC CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM ON LEARNING AND MEMORY AND ADULT HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS.
Georgian Med News
November 2024
Lab. Neurobiology of Sleep-Wakefulness Cycle, Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Aim: The present investigation aimed to explore in rats the early postnatal dysfunction of the brain muscarinic cholinergic system (EPDMChS) during the most vulnerable period of postnatal development, as the possible main factor for changes in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and disorders in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory.
Methods: White inbred rats (n=15 in each group) were used. EPDMCHS was produced by a new method, which includes early postnatal blocking of M1-M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the rat pups, using subcutaneous injection of Scopolamine during postnatal days 7-28.
Dexmedetomidine accelerates photoentrainment and affects sleep structure through the activation of SCN neurons.
Commun Biol
December 2024
Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
Dexmedetomidine (DexM), a highly selective α-adrenoceptor agonist, significantly reduces postoperative adverse effects, including sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions. Vasoactive intestinal peptide neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) regulate the synchronization of circadian rhythms with the external environment in mammals. We investigate the effects of DexM on sleep and circadian rhythms, as well as the underlying mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPartial activation of SIK3 delays the onset of wakefulness and alleviates hypersomnia due to the lack of protein kinase A-phosphorylation site.
Sleep
December 2024
International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Study Objectives: Sleep/wakefulness is regulated by intracellular signaling pathways composed of protein kinases such as salt-inducible kinase 3 (Sik3). Sik3-deficiency in neurons decreases NREM sleep time and electroencephalogram (EEG) delta power during NREM sleep, while Sik3Slp mice lacking a protein kinase A (PKA)-phosphorylation site, S551, show hypersomnia phenotype. In this study, we examined how a phosphomimetic mutation of the 221st threonine residue (T221E), which provides a partial (weak) constitutive activity of the kinase, affects sleep/wakefulness and circadian behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of the ventral tegmental area in general anesthesia.
Eur J Pharmacol
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430048, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
The ventral tegmental area (VTA), located in the midbrain, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of many important behaviors, such as reward, addiction, aversion, memory, learning, and sleep-wakefulness cycles. The majority of VTA neurons are dopaminergic neurons, although there is a significant proportion of GABAergic neurons and few glutamatergic neurons. These neuronal types project to different brain regions, thus mediating various biological functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluence of shift work on sleep quality and circadian patterns of heart rate variability among nurses.
J Family Med Prim Care
August 2024
Department of Physiology, GIMS, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Background: Shift work implementation is essential for providing continuous patient care in hospitals. However, working in shifts on a routine basis may disrupt the circadian pattern and alter the sleep-wakefulness cycle in nurses. Stress due to shift work can influence the adaptability of the cardiovascular system, produce psychophysiological strain and deteriorate work performance in female nurses.
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