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Pathogens
January 2025
Biomedical Sciences Laboratory (CBMU), School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá D.C 111711, Colombia.
, the etiological agent of Chagas disease, is a parasite known for its diverse genotypic variants, or Discrete Typing Units (DTUs), which have been associated with varying degrees of tissue involvement. However, aspects such as parasite attachment remain unclear. It has been suggested that the TcI genotype is associated with cardiac infection, the most common involved site in chronic human infection, while TcII is associated with digestive tract involvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhilos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
January 2025
School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
Birds have evolved seasonal adaptations in multiple aspects of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Seasonal immunological adaptations are crucial for survival in harsh environmental conditions and in response to increased prevalence of acute and chronic diseases. Similar to other vertebrates, birds exhibit remarkable plasticity in cytokine production, chemotaxis, phagocytosis and inflammation across the year.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhilos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
January 2025
Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany.
Sleep deficiency is associated with infectious disease risk. However, little is known about the individual roles of different aspects of sleep, including sleep duration, sleep quality, sleep timing (assessed by chronotype) and sleep regularity (in the form of social jet lag) in this context. Here, we examined associations of the probability of reporting a cold or other infections with self-reported sleep duration, sleep quality and chronotype in a sample of 642 adults, and with social jet lag in a subsample of 274 adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe relation between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and circadian rhythm disturbance has been increasingly acknowledged in recent years. While prior clinical studies have utilized patients' self-reported sleep behaviors, there is a need to also explore the measurable, biological aspects of circadian rhythms. The current study has two aims: first, to describe the biological circadian rhythms of individuals with OCD seeking intensive residential treatment, including their relationship with self-reported measures of sleep and OCD symptoms; and second, to examine longitudinal associations between biological circadian rhythms and OCD symptom severity during the course of residential treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anat
January 2025
Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Non-image forming (NIF) pathways, a specialized branch of retinal circuitry, play a crucial role supporting physiological and behavioral processes, including circadian rhythmicity. Among the NIF regions, the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), a midbrain serotonergic cluster of neurons, is also devoted to circadian functions. Despite indirectly send photic inputs to circadian centers and modulating their activities, little is known about the organization of retina-DRN circuits in primate species.
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