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A Network and Pathway Analysis of Genes Associated With Atrial Fibrillation.
Cardiovasc Ther
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Article Synopsis
- Atrial fibrillation (AF) is influenced by both genetics and the environment, and existing genetic studies have identified numerous genes associated with AF, but their functions and interactions remain unclear.
- Researchers conducted a detailed analysis of 254 AF-associated genes, revealing significant biological pathways related to heart activity and connections to diseases like cancer and inflammation through pathway crosstalk.
- They also identified 24 novel genes potentially linked to AF, with six showing differential expression in AF patients, suggesting a common genetic basis between AF and other diseases, which could aid in discovering additional AF risk factors.
Connecting dots of long COVID-19 pathogenesis: a vagus nerve- hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal-mitochondrial axis dysfunction.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
December 2024
Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- The pathogenesis of long COVID (LC) involves uncertainty, complicating the search for effective therapies.
- The hypothesis suggests that chronic damage to the body's anti-inflammatory mechanisms, particularly through the vagus nerve, HPA axis, and mitochondrial function, plays a crucial role in LC development.
- The theory posits that SARS-CoV-2 alters these systems at various levels, leading to persistent inflammation due to impaired anti-inflammatory responses from acetylcholine and cortisol, warranting further investigation into glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity and potential long-term epigenetic effects.
Lack of correlation between asprosin serum levels and hyperphagic behavior in subjects with prader-Willi Syndrome.
J Endocrinol Invest
December 2024
Department of Medical, Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- * The study included 118 participants (87 children/adolescents and 31 adults) with PWS, assessing various health metrics, including glucose and cholesterol levels, as well as using a Hyperphagia Questionnaire to measure eating behaviors.
- * Results showed that adults had higher asprosin levels than adolescents, and those with obesity had higher levels than normal-weight individuals, but no significant correlation was found between asprosin and metabolic health indicators;
[New Therapeutic Targets and Drugs for the Severe Asthma].
Yakugaku Zasshi
December 2024
Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University.
Bronchial asthma is primarily caused by sensitization to specific antigens that activate type 2 helper T cells (Th2) through acquired immunity, leading to chronic inflammation due to eosinophilic infiltration. Consequently, inhaled steroids have become an established standard treatment. However, refractory cases that do not respond to this treatment pose a challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSevere Obesity Defined by Percentiles of WHO and Cardiometabolic Risk in Youth with Obesity.
Children (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
The pediatric definition of severe obesity (OB) depends on the body mass index (BMI) references. We evaluated different BMI-derived metrics of the World Health Organization (WHO) system to define which cut-off is associated with the highest cardiometabolic risk (CMR); In this multicentric study, data were retrieved for 3727 youths (1937 boys; 2225 children, 1502 adolescents). OB was defined as BMI > 97th percentile (BMI), severe OB was defined as BMI > 99th percentile (BMI), BMI ≥ 120% of the 97th percentile (120% BMI), or BMI Z-score > 3 (WHO tables), or BMI ≥ the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) value crossing a BMI of 35 kg/m at the age of 18 (IOTF).
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