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Mitochondria and its epigenetic dynamics: Insight into synaptic regulation and synaptopathies.
Funct Integr Genomics
January 2025
National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Punjab, India.
Mitochondria, the cellular powerhouses, are pivotal to neuronal function and health, particularly through their role in regulating synaptic structure and function. Spine reprogramming, which underlies synapse development, depends heavily on mitochondrial dynamics-such as biogenesis, fission, fusion, and mitophagy as well as functions including ATP production, calcium (Ca) regulation, and retrograde signaling. Mitochondria supply the energy necessary for assisting synapse development and plasticity, while also regulating intracellular Ca homeostasis to prevent excitotoxicity and support synaptic neurotransmission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of astrocytes connexins - pannexins in acute brain injury.
Neurotherapeutics
January 2025
Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile. Electronic address:
Acute brain injuries (ABIs) encompass a broad spectrum of primary injuries such as ischemia, hypoxia, trauma, and hemorrhage that converge into secondary injury where some mechanisms show common determinants. In this regard, astroglial connexin and pannexin channels have been shown to play an important role. These channels are transmembrane proteins sharing similar topology and form gateways between adjacent cells named gap junctions (GJs) and pores into unopposed membranes named hemichannels (HCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRectification of planar orientation angle switches behavior and replenishes contractile junctions.
J Cell Biol
April 2025
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA.
In the early Drosophila embryo, germband elongation is driven by oriented cell intercalation through t1 transitions, where vertical (dorsal-ventral aligned) interfaces contract and then resolve into new horizontal (anterior-posterior aligned) interfaces. Here, we show that contractile events produce a continuous "rectification" of cell interfaces, in which interfaces systematically rotate toward more vertical orientations. As interfaces rotate, their behavior transitions from elongating to contractile regimes, indicating that the planar polarized identities of cell-cell interfaces are continuously re-interpreted in time depending on their orientation angle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProjections from thalamic nucleus reuniens to hippocampal CA1 area participate in context fear extinction by affecting extinction-induced molecular remodeling of excitatory synapses.
Elife
January 2025
Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Behavior, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
The ability to extinguish contextual fear in a changing environment is crucial for animal survival. Recent data support the role of the thalamic nucleus reuniens (RE) and its projections to the dorsal hippocampal CA1 area (RE→dCA1) in this process. However, it remains poorly understood how RE impacts dCA1 neurons during contextual fear extinction (CFE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSarcoglycans are enriched at the neuromuscular junction in a nerve-dependent manner.
Cell Death Dis
January 2025
Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Sciences and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
Sarcoglycanopathies are heterogeneous proximo-distal diseases presenting severe muscle alterations. Although there are 6 different sarcoglycan isoforms, sarcoglycanopathies are caused exclusively by mutations in genes coding for one of the four sarcoglycan transmembrane proteins (alpha, beta, gamma and delta) forming the sarcoglycan complex (SGC) in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Little is known about the different roles of the SGC beyond the dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DGC) structural role.
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