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Progressive supranuclear palsy: an updated approach on diagnosis, treatment, risk factors and outlook in Mexico.
Gac Med Mex
January 2025
Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular y Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Department of Physiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare, atypical parkinsonism, characterized by the presence of intracerebral tau protein aggregates and determined by a wide spectrum of clinical features. The definitive diagnosis is postmortem and is identified through the presence of neuronal death, gliosis, and aggregates of the tau protein presented in the form of neurofibrillary tangles (MNF) with a globose appearance in regions such as the subthalamic nucleus, the substantia nigra, and the globus pallidus The findings in ancillary imaging studies, as well as fluids biomarkers, are not sufficient to support diagnosis of PSP but are used to rule out similar pathologies because there are still no specific or validated biomarkers for this disease. The current treatment of PSP is focused on reducing symptoms, although emerging therapies seek to counteract its pathophysiological mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-correlation of KLRG1 and PD-1 expression in human tumor CD8 T cells.
Oncotarget
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Recently, combination checkpoint therapy of cancer has been recognized as producing additive as opposed to synergistic benefit due in part to positively correlated effects. The potential for uncorrelated or negatively correlated therapies to produce true synergistic benefits has been noted. Whereas the inhibitory receptors PD-1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, LAG-3, and TIGIT have been collectively characterized as exhaustion receptors, another inhibitory receptor KLRG1 was historically characterized as a senescent receptor and received relatively little attention as a potential checkpoint inhibitor target.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferent processing methods affect the chemical composition and in vitro anti-tumor activity of ginseng.
J Food Sci
January 2025
College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Ginseng and its processed products are valued as health foods for their nutritional benefits. The traditional forms of processed ginseng include white ginseng, dali ginseng (DLG), red ginseng (RG), and black ginseng (BG). However, the impact of processing on the chemical composition and anti-tumor efficacy of these products is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAir-liquid interface culture combined with differentiation factors reproducing intestinal cell structure formation in vitro.
Biol Open
January 2025
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.
Reproducing intestinal cells in vitro is important in pharmaceutical research and drug development. Caco-2 cells and human iPS cell-derived intestinal epithelial cells are widely used, but few evaluation systems can mimic the complex crypt-villus-like structure. We attempted to generate intestinal cells mimicking the three-dimensional structure from human iPS cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of estrogen depletion in female rats: differential influences on somato-motor and sensory cortices.
Biogerontology
January 2025
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien, 970374, Taiwan.
Aging women experience a significant decline of ovarian hormones, particularly estrogen, following menopause, and become susceptible to cognitive and psychomotor deficits. Although the effects of estrogen depletion had been documented in the prefrontal and somatosensory cortices, its impact on somatomotor cortex, a region crucial for motor and cognitive functions, remains unclear. To explore this, we ovariectomized young adult female rats and fed subsequently with phytoestrogen-free diet and studied the effects of estrogen depletion on the somato-sensory and motor cortices.
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