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[The impact of innate immune response on the efficacy of oncolytic viruses].
Vopr Virusol
December 2024
Oncolytic viruses represent a promising class of immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of malignant tumors. The proposed mechanism of action of various oncolytic viruses has initially been explained by the ability of such viruses to selectively lyse tumor cells without damaging healthy ones. Recently, there have emerged more studies determining the effect of the antiviral immunostimulating mechanisms on the effectiveness of treatment in cancer patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuppression of chemically induced mammary cancer by early-life oral administration of cholera toxin in mice is associated with aberrant regulation of Bmp and Notch signaling pathways.
Mol Biol Rep
January 2025
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Background: Lately, significant attention has been drawn towards the potential efficacy of cholera toxin (CT)-an exotoxin produced by the small intestine pathogenic bacterium Vibrio cholera-in modulating cancer-promoting events. In a recent study, we demonstrated that early-life oral administration of non-pathogenic doses of CT in mice suppressed chemically-induced carcinogenesis in tissues distantly located from the gut. In the mammary gland, CT pretreatment was shown to reduce tumor multiplicity, increase apoptosis and alter the expression of several cancer-related molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPTPN23-dependent activation of PI3KC2α is a therapeutic vulnerability of BRAF-mutant cancers.
J Exp Med
March 2025
Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory , Shenzhen, China.
BRAF mutations drive initiation and progression of various tumors. While BRAF inhibitors are effective in BRAF-mutant melanoma patients, intrinsic or acquired resistance to these therapies is common. Here, we identify non-receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase 23 (PTPN23) as an alternative effective target in BRAF-mutant cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeting EPHB2/ABL1 restores antitumor immunity in preclinical models of ependymoma.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.
Ependymoma (EPN) is a common form of brain tumor in children, often resistant to available cytotoxic therapies. Molecular profiling studies have led to a better understanding of EPN subtypes and revealed a critical role of oncogenes ZFTA-RELA fusion and EPHB2 in supratentorial ependymoma (ST-EPN). However, the immune system's role in tumor progression and response to therapy remains poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe XCL1-XCR1 axis supports intestinal tissue residency and antitumor immunity.
J Exp Med
March 2025
School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) provide frontline protection against pathogens and emerging malignancies. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) with TRM features are associated with improved clinical outcomes. However, the cellular interactions that program TRM differentiation and function are not well understood.
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