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Pathogenesis of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection at the extremes of age: decipher the ominous tales of immune vulnerability.

Adv Biotechnol (Singap)

January 2025

National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.

The co-circulation of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 has led to co-infection events, primarily affecting children and older adults, who are at higher risk for severe disease. Although co-infection prevalence is relatively low, it is associated with worse outcomes compared to mono-infections. Previous studies have shown that the outcomes of co-infection depend on multiple factors, including viral interference, virus-host interaction and host response.

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Respiratory disease (RD) is a worldwide leading threat to the pig industry, but there is still limited understanding of the pathogens associated with swine RD. In this study, we conducted a nationwide genomic surveillance on identifying viruses, bacteria, and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) from the lungs of pigs with RD in China. By performing metatranscriptomic sequencing combined with metagenomic sequencing, we identified 21 viral species belonging to 12 viral families.

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Background: Research on long COVID in China is limited, particularly in terms of large-sample epidemiological data and the effects of recent SARS-CoV-2 sub-variants. China provides an ideal study environment owing to its large infection base, high vaccine coverage, and stringent pre-pandemic measures.

Methods: This retrospective study used an online questionnaire to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection status and long COVID symptoms among 74,075 Chinese residents over one year.

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Assessing the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 on 64 notifiable infectious diseases in Australia: A Bayesian Structural Time Series model.

J Infect Public Health

January 2025

Ecosystem Change and Population Health Research Group, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. Electronic address:

Background: Several studies have examined the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on COVID-19 and other infectious diseases in Australia and globally. However, to our knowledge none have sufficiently explored their impact on other infectious diseases with robust time series model. In this study, we aimed to use Bayesian Structural Time Series model (BSTS) to systematically assess the impact of NPIs on 64 National Notifiable Infectious Diseases (NNIDs) by conducting a comprehensive and comparative analysis across eight disease categories within each Australian state and territory, as well as nationally.

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Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the incidence of norovirus (NoV)-associated diarrhea and asymptomatic infections in children under 4 years of age and identify the genotypes of multiple NoV infections.

Methods: A community-based cohort study was conducted in Tarlac, Philippines. Children aged 0-2 years were followed up for 2 years.

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