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Unravelling a mystery of hypokalemic hypertension- a rare case report of a reninoma.
BMC Endocr Disord
December 2024
National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Background: Reninoma is a rare cause of secondary hypertension, which can be cured with surgery if identified early before any target organ damage occurs. It leads to hypokalaemia and hypertension and typically responds well to treatment with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers. However, confirmation of the diagnosis and the localisation of this rare culprit lesion can be challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism without Discontinuation of Interfering Antihypertensive Medications.
Curr Hypertens Rep
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88, Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
Purpose Of Review: One of the challenges in the diagnosis and management of primary aldosteronism (PA), the most common type of secondary hypertension with curative potential, is the modification of antihypertensive medications. We seek to explore whether these medications can be continued during the diagnostic process of PA to minimize the duration and risks associated with medication adjustments.
Recent Findings: We searched PubMed for eligible original literature between 1990 and 2024 using the following keywords: (screening) AND (primary aldosteronism); (confirmatory) AND (primary aldosteronism); (adrenal vein sampling) AND primary aldosteronism).
Untangling the Uncertain Role of Overactivation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System with the Aging Process Based on Sodium Wasting Human Models.
Int J Mol Sci
August 2024
Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Aging is linked to diseases through factors like oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are influenced by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and can lead to increased inflammation and damage in the body.
- Patients with sodium deficiency diseases like Gitelman syndrome (GS) and Bartter syndrome (BS) exhibit lower oxidative stress and inflammation, potentially due to higher sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) activity compared to age-matched healthy individuals.
- The review emphasizes the significance of understanding aging, inflammation, and the RAAS in GS/BS patients, and it suggests future research to explore these conditions at the molecular level using advanced stem cell techniques.
Monogenic Hypertension Linked to the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System.
Anatol J Cardiol
June 2024
Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye;Hacettepe University, Center for Genomics and Rare Diseases, Ankara, Türkiye.
Mendelian forms of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)-related hypertension, commonly referred to as monogenic hypertension, represent a rare but significant subset of hypertensive disorders characterized by genetic mutations that disrupt the normal physiological mechanisms of blood pressure regulation. This review focuses on elucidating the germline mutations affecting RAAS pathways that lead to distinct forms of heritable hypertension. By understanding the pathophysiological basis of conditions such as Gordon's syndrome, Liddle syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and familial hyperaldosteronism types, this review aims to highlight the unique clinical features, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic implications associated with these disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSelective venous sampling for secondary hypertension.
Hypertens Res
July 2024
Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, 16766 Jingshi Road, 250014, Jinan City, China.
Selective venous sampling (SVS), an invasive radiographic procedure that depends on contrast media, holds a unique role in diagnosing and guiding the treatment of certain types of secondary hypertension, particularly in patients who may be candidates for curative surgery. The adrenal venous sampling (AVS), in particular, is established as the gold standard for localizing and subtyping primary aldosteronism (PA). Throughout decades of clinical practice, AVS could be applied not only to PA but also to other endocrine diseases, such as adrenal Cushing syndrome (ACS) and Pheochromocytomas (PCCs).
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