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Single-domain antibodies as promising experimental tools in imaging and isolation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

October 2018

State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Yanchangbu, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China.

Single-domain antibody (sdAb) or nanobody possesses specific features non-accessible for conventional antibodies that make them suitable for research and biotechnological applications. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes lethal diarrhea in piglets, resulting in great economic losses all over the world. To detect and isolate PEDV rapidly and accurately is important for the control and further research of the clinical PEDV strains.

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We have investigated the mechanism by which expression of the v-myc oncogene interferes with the competence of primary quail myoblasts to undergo terminal differentiation. Previous studies have established that quail myoblasts transformed by myc oncogenes are severely impaired in the accumulation of mRNAs encoding the myogenic transcription factors Myf-5, MyoD and Myogenin. However, the mechanism responsible for such a repression remains largely unknown.

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The major histocompatibility complex of chickens controls the infection of early chicken embryos by MC29 virus.

Virology

August 1994

Institut d'Embryologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire du C.N.R.S., Nogent sur Marne, France.

Embryos from isogeneic chicken lines belonging to different haplotypes and known to be resistant to infection by avian retroviruses of subgroups A and E were infected on the 3rd (E3) and 5th day (E5) of incubation with MC29 virus (MC29-RAV-1 pseudotype; A subgroup-derived envelope). Despite the trait for resistance, E3 embryos developed the specific heart tumors previously described in outbred E3 embryos. The CB line (B12/B12, C/AE) was more susceptible than the congenic line CC (B4/B4, C/AE).

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CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid: glycoprotein sialyltransferase activities were assayed in microsomal fractions from chicken liver and hepatoma, induced by the leukosis virus strain Mc-29, using asialofetuin as the substrate acceptor of N-acetylneuraminic acid. The effect of some nucleotides and metal ions on the enzyme activity was investigated. Kinetic studies revealed that the Km values toward asialofetuin at a saturation concentrations of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid for both liver and hepatoma enzymes are very closed, while V value was lower for the tumor enzyme.

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The gag-myc oncogenic sequence of the avian retrovirus MC29 was first inserted in a multicopy expression vector allowing its expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The oncogene transcripts were detected in yeast by Northern blot hybridization and gag-myc proteins were revealed by immunoprecipitation. On solid medium, the average size of gag-myc transformant colonies was smaller than control.

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