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Classifying Race in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Potential Disparities: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes

January 2025

Division of Emergency Medical Services, Public Health - Seattle & King County, WA (J.S., J.L., M.P., C.D., J.B., S.G., P.K., T.R.).

Background: Although racial disparities have been described in resuscitation, little is known about potential bias in race classification of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults treated by emergency medical services (EMS) for nontraumatic OHCA in King County, WA between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2021. We assessed agreement using κ and evaluated patterns of missingness between EMS-assessed race versus comprehensive race classification from hospital and death records.

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Aims: Although individuals with lower socio-economic position (SEP) have a higher prevalence of mental health problems than others, there is no conclusive evidence on whether mental healthcare (MHC) is provided equitably. We investigated inequalities in MHC use among adults in Stockholm County (Sweden), and whether inequalities were moderated by self-reported psychological distress.

Methods: MHC use was examined in 31,433 individuals aged 18-64 years over a 6-month follow-up period, after responding to the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) in 2014 or the Kessler Six (K6) in 2021.

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Graduate perceptions of their interprofessional practice: Lessons for undergraduate training.

Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med

December 2024

Division of Rural Health (Ukwanda), Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; and, Department of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town.

Background:  Interprofessional education (IPE) during undergraduate training (UGT) is considered important for new graduates to collaborate inter-professionally. There are, however, well-documented workplace challenges that hinder their involvement in interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) such as professional hierarchy, poor role clarification and communication challenges.

Aim:  This article explores graduates' perceptions of the value rural undergraduate IPE had on their IPCP during their first year of work.

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COVID-19 impact on HIV PrEP uptake and retention at selected health facilities in Eswatini.

Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med

December 2024

School of Public Health, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town.

Background:  Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uses antiretroviral medication to reduce HIV risk in HIV-negative individuals. Despite its effectiveness, global uptake faces policy and accessibility challenges. In Eswatini, PrEP introduction in 2017 showed promise despite stigma and COVID-19 disruptions.

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Spirometric pattern and cardiovascular risk: a prospective study of 0.3 million Chinese never-smokers.

Lancet Reg Health West Pac

January 2025

Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.

Background: Existing studies have not provided robust evidence about the CVD risk of non-smoking patients with restrictive spirometric pattern (RSP) or airflow obstruction (AFO), and how the risk is modified by body shape. We aimed to bridge the gap.

Methods: We used never-smokers' data from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) and performed Cox models by sex (278,953 females and 50,845 males).

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