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Immunoadjuvant therapy in the regulation of cell death in sepsis: recent advances and future directions.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
Sepsis is characterized by a concomitant early pro-inflammatory response by immune cells to an infection, and an opposing anti-inflammatory response that results in protracted immunosuppression. The primary pathological event in sepsis is widespread programmed cell death, or cellular self-sacrifice, of innate and adaptive immune cells, leading to profound immunological suppression. This severe immune dysfunction hampers effective primary pathogen clearance, thereby increasing the risk of secondary opportunistic infections, latent viral reactivation, multiple organ dysfunction, and elevated mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLarge, protracted, multispecies and multiclonal spread of VIM-type Metallo-ß-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales in an Italian Hospital.
J Hosp Infect
December 2024
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. Electronic address:
Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, particularly those producing carbapenemases (CPE), pose a major threat to human health, being listed among critical-priority resistant pathogens by the World Health Organization.
Aim: In this study we report on a large nosocomial spread of CPE of different species producing VIM-type carbapenemases, and on the infection prevention and control measures thata were adopted to contrast the spread.
Methods: Conventional culture and molecular methods were used for detection and identification of VIM-positive CPE (VIM-CPE) causing infections or colonizing patients or present in environmental specimens.
Protracted transmission and persistence of ST80 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium clonal complex types CT2933, CT2932 and CT1916 in a large Irish hospital: a 39-month whole-genome sequencing study.
J Hosp Infect
September 2024
Microbiology Research Unit, Dublin Dental University Hospital, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address:
Background: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) are significant nosocomial pathogens. Sequence type (ST) 80 vanA-encoding VREfm predominate in Irish hospitals, but their transmission is poorly understood.
Aims: To investigate transmission and persistence of predominant complex type (CT) VREfm in two wards of an Irish hospital (H1) using whole-genome sequencing, and their intra- and inter-hospital dissemination.
Genetic Analyses of Rare ESBL ST628 Detected during a Protracted Nosocomial Outbreak in the United Kingdom.
Microorganisms
April 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology, Poole Hospital, University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, Longfleet Road, Poole BH15 2JB, UK.
() cultures from a hospital-wide outbreak in the UK, which lasted for over 12 months, were sequenced. We sought to sequence and genetically characterise the outbreak strain. Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (AST) was performed on 65 isolates saved from the outbreak.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatitis A-induced acute liver failure with glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency induced hemolysis and renal failure.
Med J Armed Forces India
December 2023
Senior Advisor (Paediatrics) & Neonatologist, Army Hospital (R&R), Delhi Cantt, India.
Hepatitis A is the most prevalent viral hepatitis in India and rarely can lead to life-threatening complications such as acute liver failure (ALF). Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzyme deficiency in the world, and in the setting of acute viral hepatitis, it can cause massive intravascular hemolysis, resulting in acute kidney injury. Here, we report a case of a 12-year-old male child who had hepatitis A-associated ALF, which was complicated by massive hemolysis due to underlying G6PD deficiency, manifesting as acute renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy with other supportive management.
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