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Down syndrome, resulting from trisomy of human chromosome 21, is a common form of chromosomal disorder that results in intellectual disability and altered risk of several medical conditions. Individuals with Down syndrome have a greatly increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (DSAD), due to the presence of the APP gene on chromosome 21 that encodes the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP). APP can be processed to generate amyloid-β, which accumulates in plaques in the brains of people who have Alzheimer's disease and is the upstream trigger of disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Role of the Dysregulation of circRNAs Expression in Glioblastoma Multiforme.
J Mol Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Primary brain tumors that were the most severe and aggressive were called glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Cancers are caused in part by aberrant expression of circular RNA. Often referred to as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), circRNA molecules act as "miRNA sponges" in cells by decreasing the inhibitory impact of miRNA on their target genes and hence raising the expression levels of those genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of intestinal flora in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and treatment strategies.
Front Med (Lausanne)
January 2025
Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Zibo Hospital, Zibo, China.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common multi-factorial liver disease, and its incidence is gradually increasing worldwide. Many reports have revealed that intestinal flora plays a crucial role for the occurrence and development of MASLD, through mechanisms such as flora translocation, endogenous ethanol production, dysregulation of choline metabolism and bile acid, and endotoxemia. Here, we review the relationship between intestinal flora and MASLD, as well as interventions for MASLD, such as prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and intestinal flora transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew insight into the role of the pathway NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes and IL-33 in ultraviolet-induced cutaneous carcinogenesis.
Front Med (Lausanne)
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Paediatric Dermatology and Oncology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland.
Introduction: Inflammasomes NLRP1 (NLR family pyrin domain containing 1) and NLRP3 are pivotal regulators of the innate immune response, activated by a spectrum of endogenous and exogenous stressors, including ultraviolet radiation (UVR). The precise molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of these inflammasomes remain unclear. Furthermore, the involvement of interleukin-33 (IL-33) in UVR-induced skin carcinogenesis is not well defined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-skin aging effects of Gosori liquor lees extract by regulating interactions between senescent fibroblasts and adipose-derived stem cells.
Int J Cosmet Sci
January 2025
BioSpectrum Life Science Institute, A1805, U-TOWER, 767, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
When cellular ageing is accelerated by various extrinsic/endogenous stimuli, regenerative function deteriorates, and enriched secretomes, such as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), contribute to chronic inflammation and cause matrix degeneration. SASPs from senescent fibroblasts exacerbate cellular senescence via autocrine signalling and also accelerate skin ageing through the induction of neighbouring cell senescence via paracrine signalling. The interaction between dermis fibroblasts and their neighbours, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in the hypodermis, which lies deep in the dermis, is a potential target for skin ageing.
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