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Effect of phenylephrine infusion on postpartum blood loss after cesarean delivery: A Placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.
Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM
January 2025
Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India. Electronic address:
Background: Preclinical studies have documented the role of alpha-adrenergic agonists in myometrial contraction. Phenylephrine is frequently used to prevent and treat post-spinal hypotension during cesarean delivery. We hypothesized phenylephrine would reduce postpartum blood loss due to alpha-1 receptor-mediated uterine and vascular smooth muscle contraction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of different exercise types on balance function in healthy older adults and Parkinson's patients: a systematic review.
Front Aging Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Physical Education, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China.
Objective: This study aims to compare the effects of Tai Chi, yoga, and resistance training on balance function in healthy elderly individuals and patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Given the well-documented benefits of these three exercise types in enhancing balance and motor function, it is crucial to assess their differential impacts.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases through December 2023.
Toward expert-level medical question answering with large language models.
Nat Med
January 2025
Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical question answering, with Med-PaLM being the first to exceed a 'passing' score in United States Medical Licensing Examination style questions. However, challenges remain in long-form medical question answering and handling real-world workflows. Here, we present Med-PaLM 2, which bridges these gaps with a combination of base LLM improvements, medical domain fine-tuning and new strategies for improving reasoning and grounding through ensemble refinement and chain of retrieval.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAI-assisted Digital Video Analysis Reveals Changes in Gait Among Three-Day Event Horses During Competition.
J Equine Vet Sci
January 2025
University of Florida Department of Animal Sciences, 2250 Shealy Dr., Gainesville, FL, United States, 32611; UF Genetics Institute, 2033 Mowry Rd., Gainesville, FL, United States, 32611. Electronic address:
The value and welfare of a performance horse are closely tie to locomotor behaviors, but we lack objective and quantitative measures for these characteristics, and qualitative approaches for assessing gait do not provide measures suitable for large-scale biomechanical research studies. Digital video analysis utilizing artificial intelligence-based strategies promise to meet the need for an economical, accurate, repeatable and objective technique for field quantification of equine locomotion. Here we describe pilot work using a consumer-level digital video camera to capture high-resolution and high-speed videos of horses moving at the trot during mandatory inspections for international-level eventing competitions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training as a Brief Intervention for Cigarette Smoking by Patients With Cancer: A Scoping Review and Narrative Synthesis of Related Literature.
Psychooncology
January 2025
Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Objective: Novel behavioral interventions are needed for patients with cancer who smoke cigarettes. Standard tobacco treatment may not effectively address the psychological distress and/or emotion dysregulation that makes quitting smoking difficult for many patients. Dialectical Behavior Therapy-Skills Training (DBT-ST) has demonstrated efficacy as a brief intervention for managing emotions and stress across varied populations but has not been adapted for patients with cancer who smoke.
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