In order to study the role of genetic factors in susceptibility to leprosy infection, the prevalence of leprosy in 118 pairs of Burmese villages different distances apart was investigated. The distribution pattern of the correlation coefficients for leprosy rates was compared with that known to occur for genetic markers under similar conditions. The correlation coefficients decreased rapidly as the distance between the pairs of villages increased and then showed periodicity with distance, becoming negative at almost regular intervals of 4 km: negative values were preponderant for villages more than 25 km apart. Thus with this set of correlations it was not possible to fit a monotonically decreasing function of the type that would fit similar data for a genetic marker
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