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A single exposure to brivaracetam or perampanel does not cause cell death in neonatal rats.
Front Pediatr
September 2024
Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Exposure to common anti-seizure medications (ASMs) during early brain development can lead to neurodevelopmental issues, including cell death and behavioral changes, as shown in both animal studies and clinical research.
- In a study involving postnatal rats, standard ASMs like valproate were found to significantly increase cell death in various brain regions, while the newer drugs brivaracetam (BRV) and perampanel (PER) showed no such effect.
- The findings indicate that BRV and PER might have a better safety profile concerning acute neurotoxicity, suggesting they could be safer alternatives for treating seizures in young patients.
Overview of acute seizure management in US nursing homes.
Epilepsy Behav
September 2024
Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Introduction: Residents in NH are more likely to be diagnosed with epilepsy or seizures, which are associated with higher mortality and complicate care. This setting provides unique challenges in the treatment of seizures however, little is known about current management practices in NH. Most studies in the literature concentrate on the use of antiseizure medications (ASMs) but little is known about the management of the acute seizure and clinical guidance is needed to ensure the safety of this vulnerable population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical pharmacology considerations and drug-drug interactions with long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine relevant to sub-Saharan Africa.
Br J Clin Pharmacol
September 2024
MRC/UVRI-LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.
Long-acting injectable (LAI) cabotegravir and rilpivirine for HIV treatment and LAI cabotegravir for pre-exposure HIV prophylaxis are being rolled out in a multitude of countries worldwide. Due to the prolonged exposure, it can be challenging to undertake 'traditional' pharmacokinetic studies and current guidance is derived from their oral equivalents or physiologically based pharmacokinetic studies. This review aims to consider pharmacokinetic characteristics of cabotegravir and rilpivirine and describe anticipated drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with frequent concomitant medications in African settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynthesis, In vivo, and In silico Evaluation of New Pyrazoline-Benzothiazole Conjugates as Antiepileptic Agents.
Chem Biodivers
August 2024
School of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, 144001, Phagwara, India.
New 2-(4-benzothiazol-2-yl-phenoxy)-1-(3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl)-ethanones (9a-o) have been designed and synthesized. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by thin layer chromatography and spectral analysis. The antiepileptic potential of the synthesized compounds has been tested by following standard animal screening models, including maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhenytoin-Induced Exanthematous Drug Eruption: A Rare Complication to Watch Out for!
Cureus
April 2024
Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND.
is a first-generation anticonvulsant medicine that efficiently cures a wide range of seizures, including status epilepticus, complex partial seizures, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GCTS). The major advantage of phenytoin is that its neurological functions are preserved. Phenytoin works by inhibiting voltage-dependent membrane Na channels, which are essential to generate action potential.
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